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Association of cardiometabolic risk factors with hospitalisation or death due to COVID-19 : population-based cohort study in Sweden (SCAPIS)

Tornhammar, Per ; Jernberg, Tomas ; Bergström, Göran ; Blomberg, Anders ; Engström, Gunnar LU ; Engvall, Jan ; Fall, Tove LU ; Gisslén, Magnus ; Janson, Christer and Lind, Lars , et al. (2021) In BMJ Open 11(9).
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To assess the association of cardiometabolic risk factors with hospitalisation or death due to COVID-19 in the general population.
DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Swedish population-based cohort including 29 955 participants.
EXPOSURES: Cardiometabolic risk factors assessed between 2014 and 2018.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Hospitalisation or death due to COVID-19, as registered in nationwide registers from 31 January 2020 through 12 September 2020. Associations of cardiometabolic risk factors with the outcome were assessed using logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, birthplace and education.
RESULTS: Mean (SD) age was 61.2 (4.5) and 51.5% were women. 69 participants experienced hospitalisation or death due... (More)

OBJECTIVE: To assess the association of cardiometabolic risk factors with hospitalisation or death due to COVID-19 in the general population.
DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Swedish population-based cohort including 29 955 participants.
EXPOSURES: Cardiometabolic risk factors assessed between 2014 and 2018.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Hospitalisation or death due to COVID-19, as registered in nationwide registers from 31 January 2020 through 12 September 2020. Associations of cardiometabolic risk factors with the outcome were assessed using logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, birthplace and education.
RESULTS: Mean (SD) age was 61.2 (4.5) and 51.5% were women. 69 participants experienced hospitalisation or death due to COVID-19. Examples of statistically significant associations between baseline factors and subsequent hospitalisation or death due to COVID-19 included overweight (adjusted OR (aOR) vs normal weight 2.73 (95% CI 1.25 to 5.94)), obesity (aOR vs normal weight 4.09 (95% CI 1.82 to 9.18)), pre-diabetes (aOR vs normoglycaemia 2.56 (95% CI 1.44 to 4.55)), diabetes (aOR vs normoglycaemia 3.96 (95% CI 2.13 to 7.36)), sedentary time (aOR per hour/day increase 1.10 (95% CI 1.02 to 1.17)), grade 2 hypertension (aOR vs normotension 2.44 (95% CI 1.10 to 5.44)) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (aOR per mmol/L increase 0.33 (95% CI 0.17 to 0.65)). Statistically significant associations were not observed for grade 1 hypertension (aOR vs normotension 1.03 (95% CI 0.55 to 1.96)), current smoking (aOR 0.56 (95% CI 0.24 to 1.30)), total cholesterol (aOR per mmol/L increase 0.90 (95% CI 0.71 to 1.13)), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (aOR per mmol/L increase 0.90 (95% CI 0.69 to 1.15)) and coronary artery calcium score (aOR per 10 units increase 1.00 (95% CI 0.99 to 1.01)).
CONCLUSIONS: In a large population-based sample from the general population, several cardiometabolic risk factors were associated with hospitalisation or death due to COVID-19.

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Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
COVID-19, Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, Cohort Studies, Female, Hospitalization, Humans, Risk Factors, SARS-CoV-2, Sweden/epidemiology
in
BMJ Open
volume
11
issue
9
article number
e051359
publisher
BMJ Publishing Group
external identifiers
  • pmid:34475186
  • scopus:85114401184
ISSN
2044-6055
DOI
10.1136/bmjopen-2021-051359
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
724867a8-d309-4203-ab0e-8bf594ca9bca
date added to LUP
2021-09-21 09:54:06
date last changed
2024-06-15 16:37:21
@article{724867a8-d309-4203-ab0e-8bf594ca9bca,
  abstract     = {{<p>OBJECTIVE: To assess the association of cardiometabolic risk factors with hospitalisation or death due to COVID-19 in the general population.<br/>DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Swedish population-based cohort including 29 955 participants.<br/>EXPOSURES: Cardiometabolic risk factors assessed between 2014 and 2018.<br/>MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Hospitalisation or death due to COVID-19, as registered in nationwide registers from 31 January 2020 through 12 September 2020. Associations of cardiometabolic risk factors with the outcome were assessed using logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, birthplace and education.<br/>RESULTS: Mean (SD) age was 61.2 (4.5) and 51.5% were women. 69 participants experienced hospitalisation or death due to COVID-19. Examples of statistically significant associations between baseline factors and subsequent hospitalisation or death due to COVID-19 included overweight (adjusted OR (aOR) vs normal weight 2.73 (95% CI 1.25 to 5.94)), obesity (aOR vs normal weight 4.09 (95% CI 1.82 to 9.18)), pre-diabetes (aOR vs normoglycaemia 2.56 (95% CI 1.44 to 4.55)), diabetes (aOR vs normoglycaemia 3.96 (95% CI 2.13 to 7.36)), sedentary time (aOR per hour/day increase 1.10 (95% CI 1.02 to 1.17)), grade 2 hypertension (aOR vs normotension 2.44 (95% CI 1.10 to 5.44)) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (aOR per mmol/L increase 0.33 (95% CI 0.17 to 0.65)). Statistically significant associations were not observed for grade 1 hypertension (aOR vs normotension 1.03 (95% CI 0.55 to 1.96)), current smoking (aOR 0.56 (95% CI 0.24 to 1.30)), total cholesterol (aOR per mmol/L increase 0.90 (95% CI 0.71 to 1.13)), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (aOR per mmol/L increase 0.90 (95% CI 0.69 to 1.15)) and coronary artery calcium score (aOR per 10 units increase 1.00 (95% CI 0.99 to 1.01)).<br/>CONCLUSIONS: In a large population-based sample from the general population, several cardiometabolic risk factors were associated with hospitalisation or death due to COVID-19.</p>}},
  author       = {{Tornhammar, Per and Jernberg, Tomas and Bergström, Göran and Blomberg, Anders and Engström, Gunnar and Engvall, Jan and Fall, Tove and Gisslén, Magnus and Janson, Christer and Lind, Lars and Sköld, C Magnus and Sundström, Johan and Söderberg, Stefan and Zaigham, Suneela and Östgren, Carl Johan and Andersson, Daniel Peter and Ueda, Peter}},
  issn         = {{2044-6055}},
  keywords     = {{COVID-19; Cardiometabolic Risk Factors; Cohort Studies; Female; Hospitalization; Humans; Risk Factors; SARS-CoV-2; Sweden/epidemiology}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{9}},
  publisher    = {{BMJ Publishing Group}},
  series       = {{BMJ Open}},
  title        = {{Association of cardiometabolic risk factors with hospitalisation or death due to COVID-19 : population-based cohort study in Sweden (SCAPIS)}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-051359}},
  doi          = {{10.1136/bmjopen-2021-051359}},
  volume       = {{11}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}