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Methane budget estimates in Finland from the CarbonTracker Europe-CH4 data assimilation system

Tsuruta, Aki ; Aalto, Tuula ; Backman, Leif ; Krol, Maarten C. ; Peters, Wouter ; Lienert, Sebastian ; Joos, Fortunat ; Miller, Paul A. LU ; Zhang, Wenxin LU orcid and Laurila, Tuomas , et al. (2019) In Tellus. Series B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology 71(1).
Abstract

We estimated the CH4 budget in Finland for 2004–2014 using the CTE-CH4 data assimilation system with an extended atmospheric CH4 observation network of seven sites from Finland to surrounding regions (Hyytiälä, Kjølnes, Kumpula, Pallas, Puijo, Sodankylä, and Utö). The estimated average annual total emission for Finland is 0.6 ± 0.5 Tg CH4 yr−1. Sensitivity experiments show that the posterior biospheric emission estimates for Finland are between 0.3 and 0.9 Tg CH4 yr−1, which lies between the LPX-Bern-DYPTOP (0.2 Tg CH4 yr−1) and LPJG-WHyMe (2.2 Tg CH4 yr−1) process-based model estimates. For anthropogenic emissions,... (More)

We estimated the CH4 budget in Finland for 2004–2014 using the CTE-CH4 data assimilation system with an extended atmospheric CH4 observation network of seven sites from Finland to surrounding regions (Hyytiälä, Kjølnes, Kumpula, Pallas, Puijo, Sodankylä, and Utö). The estimated average annual total emission for Finland is 0.6 ± 0.5 Tg CH4 yr−1. Sensitivity experiments show that the posterior biospheric emission estimates for Finland are between 0.3 and 0.9 Tg CH4 yr−1, which lies between the LPX-Bern-DYPTOP (0.2 Tg CH4 yr−1) and LPJG-WHyMe (2.2 Tg CH4 yr−1) process-based model estimates. For anthropogenic emissions, we found that the EDGAR v4.2 FT2010 inventory (0.4 Tg CH4 yr−1) is likely to overestimate emissions in southernmost Finland, but the extent of overestimation and possible relocation of emissions are difficult to derive from the current observation network. The posterior emission estimates were especially reliant on prior information in central Finland. However, based on analysis of posterior atmospheric CH4, we found that the anthropogenic emission distribution based on a national inventory is more reliable than the one based on EDGAR v4.2 FT2010. The contribution of total emissions in Finland to global total emissions is only about 0.13%, and the derived total emissions in Finland showed no trend during 2004–2014. The model using optimized emissions was able to reproduce observed atmospheric CH4 at the sites in Finland and surrounding regions fairly well (correlation > 0.75, bias < ± ppb), supporting adequacy of the observations to be used in atmospheric inversion studies. In addition to global budget estimates, we found that CTE-CH4 is also applicable for regional budget estimates, where small scale (1x1 in this case) optimization is possible with a dense observation network.

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publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
atmospheric CH, CH flux, data assimilation, Finland, flux estimation
in
Tellus. Series B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology
volume
71
issue
1
article number
1565030
publisher
Taylor & Francis
external identifiers
  • scopus:85060927978
ISSN
1600-0889
DOI
10.1080/16000889.2018.1565030
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
75721a84-4596-4805-b1dd-1637c5df9668
date added to LUP
2019-02-14 09:30:14
date last changed
2022-04-02 06:37:28
@article{75721a84-4596-4805-b1dd-1637c5df9668,
  abstract     = {{<p>We estimated the CH<sub>4</sub> budget in Finland for 2004–2014 using the CTE-CH<sub>4</sub> data assimilation system with an extended atmospheric CH<sub>4</sub> observation network of seven sites from Finland to surrounding regions (Hyytiälä, Kjølnes, Kumpula, Pallas, Puijo, Sodankylä, and Utö). The estimated average annual total emission for Finland is 0.6 ± 0.5 Tg CH<sub>4</sub> yr<sup>−1</sup>. Sensitivity experiments show that the posterior biospheric emission estimates for Finland are between 0.3 and 0.9 Tg CH<sub>4</sub> yr<sup>−1</sup>, which lies between the LPX-Bern-DYPTOP (0.2 Tg CH<sub>4</sub> yr<sup>−1</sup>) and LPJG-WHyMe (2.2 Tg CH<sub>4</sub> yr<sup>−1</sup>) process-based model estimates. For anthropogenic emissions, we found that the EDGAR v4.2 FT2010 inventory (0.4 Tg CH<sub>4</sub> yr<sup>−1</sup>) is likely to overestimate emissions in southernmost Finland, but the extent of overestimation and possible relocation of emissions are difficult to derive from the current observation network. The posterior emission estimates were especially reliant on prior information in central Finland. However, based on analysis of posterior atmospheric CH<sub>4</sub>, we found that the anthropogenic emission distribution based on a national inventory is more reliable than the one based on EDGAR v4.2 FT2010. The contribution of total emissions in Finland to global total emissions is only about 0.13%, and the derived total emissions in Finland showed no trend during 2004–2014. The model using optimized emissions was able to reproduce observed atmospheric CH<sub>4</sub> at the sites in Finland and surrounding regions fairly well (correlation &gt; 0.75, bias &lt; ± ppb), supporting adequacy of the observations to be used in atmospheric inversion studies. In addition to global budget estimates, we found that CTE-CH<sub>4</sub> is also applicable for regional budget estimates, where small scale (1x1 in this case) optimization is possible with a dense observation network.</p>}},
  author       = {{Tsuruta, Aki and Aalto, Tuula and Backman, Leif and Krol, Maarten C. and Peters, Wouter and Lienert, Sebastian and Joos, Fortunat and Miller, Paul A. and Zhang, Wenxin and Laurila, Tuomas and Hatakka, Juha and Leskinen, Ari and Lehtinen, Kari E.J. and Peltola, Olli and Vesala, Timo and Levula, Janne and Dlugokencky, Ed and Heimann, Martin and Kozlova, Elena and Aurela, Mika and Lohila, Annalea and Kauhaniemi, Mari and Gomez-Pelaez, Angel J.}},
  issn         = {{1600-0889}},
  keywords     = {{atmospheric CH; CH flux; data assimilation; Finland; flux estimation}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{01}},
  number       = {{1}},
  publisher    = {{Taylor & Francis}},
  series       = {{Tellus. Series B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology}},
  title        = {{Methane budget estimates in Finland from the CarbonTracker Europe-CH<sub>4</sub> data assimilation system}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/16000889.2018.1565030}},
  doi          = {{10.1080/16000889.2018.1565030}},
  volume       = {{71}},
  year         = {{2019}},
}