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Cs x FA1- xPb(I1- yBr y)3 Perovskite Compositions : The Appearance of Wrinkled Morphology and its Impact on Solar Cell Performance

Braunger, Steffen ; Mundt, Laura E. ; Wolff, Christian M. ; Mews, Mathias ; Rehermann, Carolin ; Jošt, Marko ; Tejada, Alvaro ; Eisenhauer, David ; Becker, Christiane and Guerra, Jorge Andres , et al. (2018) In Journal of Physical Chemistry C 122(30). p.17123-17135
Abstract

We report on the formation of wrinkle-patterned surface morphologies in cesium formamidinium-based CsxFA1-xPb(I1-yBry)3 perovskite compositions with x = 0-0.3 and y = 0-0.3 under various spin-coating conditions. By varying the Cs and Br contents, the perovskite precursor solution concentration and the spin-coating procedure, the occurrence and characteristics of the wrinkle-shaped morphology can be tailored systematically. Cs0.17FA0.83Pb(I0.83Br0.17)3 perovskite layers were analyzed regarding their surface roughness, microscopic structure, local and overall composition, and optoelectronic properties. Application of these films... (More)

We report on the formation of wrinkle-patterned surface morphologies in cesium formamidinium-based CsxFA1-xPb(I1-yBry)3 perovskite compositions with x = 0-0.3 and y = 0-0.3 under various spin-coating conditions. By varying the Cs and Br contents, the perovskite precursor solution concentration and the spin-coating procedure, the occurrence and characteristics of the wrinkle-shaped morphology can be tailored systematically. Cs0.17FA0.83Pb(I0.83Br0.17)3 perovskite layers were analyzed regarding their surface roughness, microscopic structure, local and overall composition, and optoelectronic properties. Application of these films in p-i-n perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with indium-doped tin oxide/NiOx/perovskite/C60/bathocuproine/Cu architecture resulted in up to 15.3 and 17.0% power conversion efficiency for the flat and wrinkled morphology, respectively. Interestingly, we find slightly red-shifted photoluminescence (PL) peaks for wrinkled areas and we are able to directly correlate surface topography with PL peak mapping. This is attributed to differences in the local grain size, whereas there is no indication for compositional demixing in the films. We show that the perovskite composition, crystallization kinetics, and layer thickness strongly influence the formation of wrinkles which is proposed to be related to the release of compressive strain during perovskite crystallization. Our work helps us to better understand film formation and to further improve the efficiency of PSCs with widely used mixed-perovskite compositions.

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type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
in
Journal of Physical Chemistry C
volume
122
issue
30
pages
13 pages
publisher
The American Chemical Society (ACS)
external identifiers
  • scopus:85049915528
ISSN
1932-7447
DOI
10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b06459
language
English
LU publication?
no
id
7a3ceee0-527c-4e38-b2ed-dc2fe646cd7a
date added to LUP
2020-01-19 14:53:31
date last changed
2022-04-18 20:15:43
@article{7a3ceee0-527c-4e38-b2ed-dc2fe646cd7a,
  abstract     = {{<p>We report on the formation of wrinkle-patterned surface morphologies in cesium formamidinium-based Cs<sub>x</sub>FA<sub>1-x</sub>Pb(I<sub>1-y</sub>Br<sub>y</sub>)<sub>3</sub> perovskite compositions with x = 0-0.3 and y = 0-0.3 under various spin-coating conditions. By varying the Cs and Br contents, the perovskite precursor solution concentration and the spin-coating procedure, the occurrence and characteristics of the wrinkle-shaped morphology can be tailored systematically. Cs<sub>0.17</sub>FA<sub>0.83</sub>Pb(I<sub>0.83</sub>Br<sub>0.17</sub>)<sub>3</sub> perovskite layers were analyzed regarding their surface roughness, microscopic structure, local and overall composition, and optoelectronic properties. Application of these films in p-i-n perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with indium-doped tin oxide/NiO<sub>x</sub>/perovskite/C<sub>60</sub>/bathocuproine/Cu architecture resulted in up to 15.3 and 17.0% power conversion efficiency for the flat and wrinkled morphology, respectively. Interestingly, we find slightly red-shifted photoluminescence (PL) peaks for wrinkled areas and we are able to directly correlate surface topography with PL peak mapping. This is attributed to differences in the local grain size, whereas there is no indication for compositional demixing in the films. We show that the perovskite composition, crystallization kinetics, and layer thickness strongly influence the formation of wrinkles which is proposed to be related to the release of compressive strain during perovskite crystallization. Our work helps us to better understand film formation and to further improve the efficiency of PSCs with widely used mixed-perovskite compositions.</p>}},
  author       = {{Braunger, Steffen and Mundt, Laura E. and Wolff, Christian M. and Mews, Mathias and Rehermann, Carolin and Jošt, Marko and Tejada, Alvaro and Eisenhauer, David and Becker, Christiane and Guerra, Jorge Andres and Unger, Eva and Korte, Lars and Neher, Dieter and Schubert, Martin C. and Rech, Bernd and Albrecht, Steve}},
  issn         = {{1932-7447}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{08}},
  number       = {{30}},
  pages        = {{17123--17135}},
  publisher    = {{The American Chemical Society (ACS)}},
  series       = {{Journal of Physical Chemistry C}},
  title        = {{Cs <sub>x</sub> FA<sub>1- x</sub>Pb(I<sub>1- y</sub>Br <sub>y</sub>)<sub>3</sub> Perovskite Compositions : The Appearance of Wrinkled Morphology and its Impact on Solar Cell Performance}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b06459}},
  doi          = {{10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b06459}},
  volume       = {{122}},
  year         = {{2018}},
}