Urban driving patterns - characterisation, variability and environmental implications.
(2000)- Abstract
- Driving patterns, i.e. the speed and acceleration profiles of vehicles affect exhaust emission and fuel consumption considerably. This project was aimed at investigating urban driving patterns by focusing on the following issues: 1) how to measure driving patterns, 2) measures for the description of driving patterns, 3) identification of characteristics of driving patterns that have significant effects on exhaust emission and fuel consumption, 4) how driving patterns are related to different components of the system: street environment, traffic, vehicle and driver, and 5) a description of driving patterns over a street net. The project is described in six papers. Two investigations were performed using cars equipped with data-logs driven... (More)
- Driving patterns, i.e. the speed and acceleration profiles of vehicles affect exhaust emission and fuel consumption considerably. This project was aimed at investigating urban driving patterns by focusing on the following issues: 1) how to measure driving patterns, 2) measures for the description of driving patterns, 3) identification of characteristics of driving patterns that have significant effects on exhaust emission and fuel consumption, 4) how driving patterns are related to different components of the system: street environment, traffic, vehicle and driver, and 5) a description of driving patterns over a street net. The project is described in six papers. Two investigations were performed using cars equipped with data-logs driven by subjects, the first had an experimental design and the second an observational design. Characteristics of the traffic environment and the drivers were registered in connection with the driving patterns. More than 19,000 driving patterns were described using up to 62 parameters. From these, 16 independent factors de-scribing various dimensions of urban driving patterns were extracted. Measures of accel-eration, power demand, engine speed and gear changing were found to have significant effects on emission and fuel consumption. The street environment was found to affect driving patterns to a large extent. Furthermore, driver characteristics affected driving patterns, and interactions between different conditions were also shown. Means and stan-dard errors of the driving pattern measures are reported for 21 urban street types. (Less)
- Abstract (Swedish)
- Popular Abstract in Swedish
Fordons körmönster, dvs deras hastighets- och accelerationsprofiler, påverkar avgasutsläpp och bränsleförbrukning avsevärt. Detta projekt syftade till att undersöka körmönster i tätort genom att behandla följande delområden: 1) Hur kan körmönster mätas?, 2) Hur kan körmönster beskrivas? – dvs att finna mått för att karakterisera olika egenskaper hos körmönster., 3) Vad i körmönstret har stor effekt på avgasutsläpp och bränsleförbrukning? – dvs att identifiera de egenskaper hos körmönster som har signifikant påverkan på dessa miljöeffekter, 4) Vilka faktorer påverkar körmönstret? - dvs att undersöka förhållandet mellan körmönster och komponenterna i systemet: gatumiljö, trafikförhållanden, fordon... (More) - Popular Abstract in Swedish
Fordons körmönster, dvs deras hastighets- och accelerationsprofiler, påverkar avgasutsläpp och bränsleförbrukning avsevärt. Detta projekt syftade till att undersöka körmönster i tätort genom att behandla följande delområden: 1) Hur kan körmönster mätas?, 2) Hur kan körmönster beskrivas? – dvs att finna mått för att karakterisera olika egenskaper hos körmönster., 3) Vad i körmönstret har stor effekt på avgasutsläpp och bränsleförbrukning? – dvs att identifiera de egenskaper hos körmönster som har signifikant påverkan på dessa miljöeffekter, 4) Vilka faktorer påverkar körmönstret? - dvs att undersöka förhållandet mellan körmönster och komponenterna i systemet: gatumiljö, trafikförhållanden, fordon och förare., och 5) Hur ser körmönstret på gatunivå ut i en medelstor svensk stad? – dvs att utföra en deskriptiv analys av körmönster på gatutyp nivå. Projektet beskrivs i sex papper. Två undersökningar genomfördes med hjälp av mätutrustade bilar som kördes av försökspersoner. Den första studien hade en experimentell design medan den andra var en observationsstudie. Till varje körmönster kopplades information om egenskaper hos gatu- och trafikmiljön, fordonet och föraren. Exempel på förhållanden som registrerades var gatans belägenhet (ex. centrum, bostadsområde eller arbetsområde) och funktion (ex. lokalgata, huvudgata eller infart/genomfartsgata), hastighetsgräns, antal körfält, korsningsavstånd, beräknat trafikflöde, förarens ålder och kön samt bilens prestanda. Totalt registrerades mer än 19 000 körmönster vilka beskrevs med upp till 62 olika parametrar/mått. Från dessa parametrar kunde 16 oberoende faktorer extraheras, där varje faktor beskriver en dimension/egenskap hos körmönster i tätort. Faktorer/dimensioner i körmönstret som befanns ha signifikant effekt på bränsleförbrukning och avgasutsläpp var effektuttag, accelerationer, motorvarvtal samt specifika växlingsbeteenden. Gatumiljön hade stor inverkan på körmönstret. Exempel på viktiga egenskaper i gatumiljön var områdestyp, gatans funktion, korsningsavstånd samt hastighetsgräns. Utöver detta inverkade föraregenskaper (ålder, kön samt val av bilprestanda) liksom interaktioner mellan olika yttre förhållanden på körmönstret. Körmönstret på 21 olika gatutyper beskrevs med hjälp av medelvärde och standardfel för ett stort antal körmönstermått. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/40849
- author
- Ericsson, Eva LU
- supervisor
- opponent
-
- Assistant Professor Dr Guernsler, Randall
- organization
- publishing date
- 2000
- type
- Thesis
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- Samhällsvetenskaper, Social sciences, Teknik, Technological sciences, speed limit, intersection density, driver age, gender, car performance, GPS, traffic flow, street environment, fuel consumption, deceleration, speed, acceleration, power demand, gear changing, exhaust emission
- pages
- 190 pages
- publisher
- Department of Technology and Society, Lund University
- defense location
- Lecture hall V:B, V-huset, John Ericssons väg 1, Lund
- defense date
- 2000-09-29 10:15:00
- external identifiers
-
- other:ISRN: LUTVDG/(TVTT-1020)1-190/2000
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- 81c3b551-ad1a-4bda-b6d9-9c8c36ad4136 (old id 40849)
- date added to LUP
- 2016-04-01 17:04:44
- date last changed
- 2018-11-21 20:46:28
@phdthesis{81c3b551-ad1a-4bda-b6d9-9c8c36ad4136,
abstract = {{Driving patterns, i.e. the speed and acceleration profiles of vehicles affect exhaust emission and fuel consumption considerably. This project was aimed at investigating urban driving patterns by focusing on the following issues: 1) how to measure driving patterns, 2) measures for the description of driving patterns, 3) identification of characteristics of driving patterns that have significant effects on exhaust emission and fuel consumption, 4) how driving patterns are related to different components of the system: street environment, traffic, vehicle and driver, and 5) a description of driving patterns over a street net. The project is described in six papers. Two investigations were performed using cars equipped with data-logs driven by subjects, the first had an experimental design and the second an observational design. Characteristics of the traffic environment and the drivers were registered in connection with the driving patterns. More than 19,000 driving patterns were described using up to 62 parameters. From these, 16 independent factors de-scribing various dimensions of urban driving patterns were extracted. Measures of accel-eration, power demand, engine speed and gear changing were found to have significant effects on emission and fuel consumption. The street environment was found to affect driving patterns to a large extent. Furthermore, driver characteristics affected driving patterns, and interactions between different conditions were also shown. Means and stan-dard errors of the driving pattern measures are reported for 21 urban street types.}},
author = {{Ericsson, Eva}},
keywords = {{Samhällsvetenskaper; Social sciences; Teknik; Technological sciences; speed limit; intersection density; driver age; gender; car performance; GPS; traffic flow; street environment; fuel consumption; deceleration; speed; acceleration; power demand; gear changing; exhaust emission}},
language = {{eng}},
publisher = {{Department of Technology and Society, Lund University}},
school = {{Lund University}},
title = {{Urban driving patterns - characterisation, variability and environmental implications.}},
year = {{2000}},
}