Skip to main content

Lund University Publications

LUND UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES

Cognitive Function in Young Men and the Later Risk of Fractures

Nordstrom, Peter ; Franks, Paul LU ; Gustafson, Yngve and Nordstrom, Anna (2012) In Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 27(11). p.2291-2297
Abstract
Dementia has been associated with an increased risk of fractures. These associations may be explained by an impaired cognitive function, as well as comorbid illness and toxic reaction from drugs. To investigate whether cognitive function in young, healthy individuals already affects the risk of fractures, overall cognitive function scores were calculated from four cognitive tests accomplished during a national conscriptions test in 960,956 men with a mean age of 18 years. Incident fractures were searched in national registers. During a median follow-up of 30 years (range 0 to 41 years), 65,313 men had one fracture and 2589 men had a hip fracture. Compared with men with no fracture, overall cognitive function at baseline was 3.5% lower for... (More)
Dementia has been associated with an increased risk of fractures. These associations may be explained by an impaired cognitive function, as well as comorbid illness and toxic reaction from drugs. To investigate whether cognitive function in young, healthy individuals already affects the risk of fractures, overall cognitive function scores were calculated from four cognitive tests accomplished during a national conscriptions test in 960,956 men with a mean age of 18 years. Incident fractures were searched in national registers. During a median follow-up of 30 years (range 0 to 41 years), 65,313 men had one fracture and 2589 men had a hip fracture. Compared with men with no fracture, overall cognitive function at baseline was 3.5% lower for men sustaining one fracture and 5.5% lower for men sustaining a hip fracture (p<0.001 for both). When comparing the lowest and the highest decile, low overall cognitive function scores increased the risk one fracture (hazard ratio [HR] 1.55, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.50-1.61) and a hip fracture (HR 2.12, 95% CI 1.77-2.55), after adjustment for confounders. A higher education (university level versus elementary school) was associated with a decreased risk of a fracture (HR 0.67, 95% CI 0.65-0.69) and a hip fracture (HR 0.51, 95% CI 0.45-0.57). The effects of education and cognitive function were reduced when also adjusting for total income and disability pension. In summary, low cognitive function and education in young men were associated with the later risk of especially hip fractures. These associations may partly be mediated by socioeconomic factors. (C) 2012 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
FRACTURES, HIP FRACTURES, COGNITIVE FUNCTION, EDUCATION, MEN
in
Journal of Bone and Mineral Research
volume
27
issue
11
pages
2291 - 2297
publisher
Wiley-Blackwell
external identifiers
  • wos:000313729500009
  • scopus:84867548283
  • pmid:22692934
ISSN
1523-4681
DOI
10.1002/jbmr.1683
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
821801fc-444c-4166-9c79-88f006408dc4 (old id 3481568)
date added to LUP
2016-04-01 10:28:20
date last changed
2022-03-19 21:05:31
@article{821801fc-444c-4166-9c79-88f006408dc4,
  abstract     = {{Dementia has been associated with an increased risk of fractures. These associations may be explained by an impaired cognitive function, as well as comorbid illness and toxic reaction from drugs. To investigate whether cognitive function in young, healthy individuals already affects the risk of fractures, overall cognitive function scores were calculated from four cognitive tests accomplished during a national conscriptions test in 960,956 men with a mean age of 18 years. Incident fractures were searched in national registers. During a median follow-up of 30 years (range 0 to 41 years), 65,313 men had one fracture and 2589 men had a hip fracture. Compared with men with no fracture, overall cognitive function at baseline was 3.5% lower for men sustaining one fracture and 5.5% lower for men sustaining a hip fracture (p&lt;0.001 for both). When comparing the lowest and the highest decile, low overall cognitive function scores increased the risk one fracture (hazard ratio [HR] 1.55, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.50-1.61) and a hip fracture (HR 2.12, 95% CI 1.77-2.55), after adjustment for confounders. A higher education (university level versus elementary school) was associated with a decreased risk of a fracture (HR 0.67, 95% CI 0.65-0.69) and a hip fracture (HR 0.51, 95% CI 0.45-0.57). The effects of education and cognitive function were reduced when also adjusting for total income and disability pension. In summary, low cognitive function and education in young men were associated with the later risk of especially hip fractures. These associations may partly be mediated by socioeconomic factors. (C) 2012 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.}},
  author       = {{Nordstrom, Peter and Franks, Paul and Gustafson, Yngve and Nordstrom, Anna}},
  issn         = {{1523-4681}},
  keywords     = {{FRACTURES; HIP FRACTURES; COGNITIVE FUNCTION; EDUCATION; MEN}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{11}},
  pages        = {{2291--2297}},
  publisher    = {{Wiley-Blackwell}},
  series       = {{Journal of Bone and Mineral Research}},
  title        = {{Cognitive Function in Young Men and the Later Risk of Fractures}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.1683}},
  doi          = {{10.1002/jbmr.1683}},
  volume       = {{27}},
  year         = {{2012}},
}