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Sex-Specific Risk Factors for Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism in a Population-Based Historical Cohort Study of Middle-Aged and Older Individuals

Brink, Annie ; Elf, Johan LU ; Svensson, Peter J. LU ; Engström, Gunnar LU ; Melander, Olle LU orcid and Zöller, Bengt LU orcid (2023) In Journal of the American Heart Association 12(5). p.1-13
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Whether sex-specific differences exist for risk factors for pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep venous thrombosis (DVT), with the exception of pregnancy and estrogen therapy, has been sparsely studied. We aimed to study whether sex-specific differences of risk factors exist for noncancer-related DVT and PE in middle-aged and older individuals without cardiovascular history or previous diagnosis in a population-based historical (retrospective) cohort. METHODS AND RESULTS: Potential venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk factors were registered at baseline in 15 807 women and 9996 men aged 44 to 74 years, who participated in the Malmö Diet and Cancer study (1991–1996). We excluded subjects with a previous history of VTE, cancer, a... (More)

BACKGROUND: Whether sex-specific differences exist for risk factors for pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep venous thrombosis (DVT), with the exception of pregnancy and estrogen therapy, has been sparsely studied. We aimed to study whether sex-specific differences of risk factors exist for noncancer-related DVT and PE in middle-aged and older individuals without cardiovascular history or previous diagnosis in a population-based historical (retrospective) cohort. METHODS AND RESULTS: Potential venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk factors were registered at baseline in 15 807 women and 9996 men aged 44 to 74 years, who participated in the Malmö Diet and Cancer study (1991–1996). We excluded subjects with a previous history of VTE, cancer, a diagnosis of cardiovascular disease, or a diagnosis of cancer-associated VTE during follow-up. Patients were followed up from baseline until the first event of PE or DVT, death, or December 31, 2018. During the follow-up period, 365 (2.3%) women and 168 (1.7%) men were affected by first DVT, and 309 (2.0%) women and 154 (1.5%) men were affected by first PE. In the multivariable Cox regression models, the anthropometric obesity markers of weight, body mass index, waist and hip circumference, fat percentage, and muscle weight were in a dose-dependent way associated with DVT and PE among women but not men. In an analysis that included patients with cardiovascular disease and cancer-related VTE, the results were similar for women. For men, several obesity measures became significantly associated with PE or DVT but were weaker than in women, especially for DVT. CONCLUSIONS: Anthropometric obesity measures are more important risk factors for both DVT and PE among women than men, especially for individuals without cardiovascular history or previous diagnosis or cancer-related VTE.

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author
; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
deep venous thrombosis, epidemiology, pulmonary embolism, venous thromboembolism
in
Journal of the American Heart Association
volume
12
issue
5
article number
e027502
pages
1 - 13
publisher
Wiley-Blackwell
external identifiers
  • scopus:85150000955
  • pmid:36847045
ISSN
2047-9980
DOI
10.1161/JAHA.122.027502
language
English
LU publication?
yes
additional info
Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Authors. Published on behalf of the American Heart Association, Inc., by Wiley.
id
8277c4a5-9a14-41e5-9190-19e84ac9ffc2
date added to LUP
2023-04-05 11:27:24
date last changed
2024-04-04 08:50:40
@article{8277c4a5-9a14-41e5-9190-19e84ac9ffc2,
  abstract     = {{<p>BACKGROUND: Whether sex-specific differences exist for risk factors for pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep venous thrombosis (DVT), with the exception of pregnancy and estrogen therapy, has been sparsely studied. We aimed to study whether sex-specific differences of risk factors exist for noncancer-related DVT and PE in middle-aged and older individuals without cardiovascular history or previous diagnosis in a population-based historical (retrospective) cohort. METHODS AND RESULTS: Potential venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk factors were registered at baseline in 15 807 women and 9996 men aged 44 to 74 years, who participated in the Malmö Diet and Cancer study (1991–1996). We excluded subjects with a previous history of VTE, cancer, a diagnosis of cardiovascular disease, or a diagnosis of cancer-associated VTE during follow-up. Patients were followed up from baseline until the first event of PE or DVT, death, or December 31, 2018. During the follow-up period, 365 (2.3%) women and 168 (1.7%) men were affected by first DVT, and 309 (2.0%) women and 154 (1.5%) men were affected by first PE. In the multivariable Cox regression models, the anthropometric obesity markers of weight, body mass index, waist and hip circumference, fat percentage, and muscle weight were in a dose-dependent way associated with DVT and PE among women but not men. In an analysis that included patients with cardiovascular disease and cancer-related VTE, the results were similar for women. For men, several obesity measures became significantly associated with PE or DVT but were weaker than in women, especially for DVT. CONCLUSIONS: Anthropometric obesity measures are more important risk factors for both DVT and PE among women than men, especially for individuals without cardiovascular history or previous diagnosis or cancer-related VTE.</p>}},
  author       = {{Brink, Annie and Elf, Johan and Svensson, Peter J. and Engström, Gunnar and Melander, Olle and Zöller, Bengt}},
  issn         = {{2047-9980}},
  keywords     = {{deep venous thrombosis; epidemiology; pulmonary embolism; venous thromboembolism}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{02}},
  number       = {{5}},
  pages        = {{1--13}},
  publisher    = {{Wiley-Blackwell}},
  series       = {{Journal of the American Heart Association}},
  title        = {{Sex-Specific Risk Factors for Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism in a Population-Based Historical Cohort Study of Middle-Aged and Older Individuals}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.122.027502}},
  doi          = {{10.1161/JAHA.122.027502}},
  volume       = {{12}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}