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Mapping the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from combustion and traffic-related particulate air pollution

Malmborg, Vilhelm LU orcid ; Pagels, Joakim LU ; Sadiktsis, Ioannis ; Wahlström, Jens LU orcid ; Lyu, Yezhe LU orcid ; Gustafsson, Mats ; Clausen, Per Axel ; Jacobsen, Nicklas Raun and Vogel, Ulla (2023) Nordic Aerosol Symposium (NOSA) 2023
Abstract
Traffic-related air pollution has severe implications for our health and stringent emission legislation is being enforced to traffic emissions, for example in the EU, USA, and China. With stricter emission legislation (next is EURO 7) and a rapid growth of battery electrical vehicles (BEVs) the combustion-derived pollutants emitted from the tailpipe are decreasing. However, heavier vehicles have raised concerns about increased wear particle emissions from brakes, tires, and road surfaces, and the changing vehicle fleet is expected to alter the traffic-related emissions. At the same time, our lack of knowledge concerning how different combustion and traffic-related particles affect our health makes it difficult to assess which new... (More)
Traffic-related air pollution has severe implications for our health and stringent emission legislation is being enforced to traffic emissions, for example in the EU, USA, and China. With stricter emission legislation (next is EURO 7) and a rapid growth of battery electrical vehicles (BEVs) the combustion-derived pollutants emitted from the tailpipe are decreasing. However, heavier vehicles have raised concerns about increased wear particle emissions from brakes, tires, and road surfaces, and the changing vehicle fleet is expected to alter the traffic-related emissions. At the same time, our lack of knowledge concerning how different combustion and traffic-related particles affect our health makes it difficult to assess which new legislation will have the strongest benefits for public health. This project aims to contribute to this knowledge by assessment of particle induced formation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and oxidative potential (OP). Particle-induced formation of ROS can induce oxidative stress following inhalation and is suggested as a key mechanism for health-effects from exposure to PM. Past work from our group shows that carbon black and typical diesel exhaust soot induce strong ROS formation. In this project, combustion derived particles will be generated under controlled conditions using a propane-air diffusion flame soot generator, a heavy-duty diesel engine with renewable and fossil diesel fuels, and by controlled biomass combustion in a cone calorimeter setup. We will additionally study several carbon black nanoparticles, engineered with different surface functionalization and a low organic carbon content. In addition to combustion particles, we will generate brake, tire, and road wear particles under controlled conditions. Brake emissions will be generated using a pin-on-disk tribometer while tire and road particles will be generated with a road simulator using studded and non-studded tires in collaboration with the Swedish national road and transport research institute (VTI, Linköping). The particles collected for ROS and OP tests will be collected on Teflon filters and extracted using sonication in methanol to extract both soluble and soluble constituents. Acellular ROS will be measured by fluorescence after reaction with the 2,7-dichlorofluorescein (DCFH) probe and OP will be evaluated using the acellular Dithiothreitol (DTT) assay. The aerosol particle properties and composition will be extensively characterized to allow identification of source-specific markers and particle properties that contribute to ROS formation and OP (e.g., size, surface area, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, elemental carbon, and metal components). With this, our aim is to provide novel data on potential ROS formation from different combustion and traffic-related particle sources. We expect that such information together with in-vivo studies will improve risk assessments of traffic-related particles and their emission sources. (Less)
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author
; ; ; ; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to conference
publication status
published
subject
conference name
Nordic Aerosol Symposium (NOSA) 2023
conference location
Oslo, Norway
conference dates
2023-03-13 - 2023-03-15
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
876218f9-4a45-47aa-8d1c-e8aa43f5e3c7
date added to LUP
2026-02-06 11:52:34
date last changed
2026-02-19 15:25:52
@misc{876218f9-4a45-47aa-8d1c-e8aa43f5e3c7,
  abstract     = {{Traffic-related air pollution has severe implications for our health and stringent emission legislation is being enforced to traffic emissions, for example in the EU, USA, and China. With stricter emission legislation (next is EURO 7) and a rapid growth of battery electrical vehicles (BEVs) the combustion-derived pollutants emitted from the tailpipe are decreasing. However, heavier vehicles have raised concerns about increased wear particle emissions from brakes, tires, and road surfaces, and the changing vehicle fleet is expected to alter the traffic-related emissions. At the same time, our lack of knowledge concerning how different combustion and traffic-related particles affect our health makes it difficult to assess which new legislation will have the strongest benefits for public health. This project aims to contribute to this knowledge by assessment of particle induced formation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and oxidative potential (OP). Particle-induced formation of ROS can induce oxidative stress following inhalation and is suggested as a key mechanism for health-effects from exposure to PM. Past work from our group shows that carbon black and typical diesel exhaust soot induce strong ROS formation. In this project, combustion derived particles will be generated under controlled conditions using a propane-air diffusion flame soot generator, a heavy-duty diesel engine with renewable and fossil diesel fuels, and by controlled biomass combustion in a cone calorimeter setup. We will additionally study several carbon black nanoparticles, engineered with different surface functionalization and a low organic carbon content. In addition to combustion particles, we will generate brake, tire, and road wear particles under controlled conditions. Brake emissions will be generated using a pin-on-disk tribometer while tire and road particles will be generated with a road simulator using studded and non-studded tires in collaboration with the Swedish national road and transport research institute (VTI, Linköping). The particles collected for ROS and OP tests will be collected on Teflon filters and extracted using sonication in methanol to extract both soluble and soluble constituents. Acellular ROS will be measured by fluorescence after reaction with the 2,7-dichlorofluorescein (DCFH) probe and OP will be evaluated using the acellular Dithiothreitol (DTT) assay. The aerosol particle properties and composition will be extensively characterized to allow identification of source-specific markers and particle properties that contribute to ROS formation and OP (e.g., size, surface area, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, elemental carbon, and metal components). With this, our aim is to provide novel data on potential ROS formation from different combustion and traffic-related particle sources. We expect that such information together with in-vivo studies will improve risk assessments of traffic-related particles and their emission sources.}},
  author       = {{Malmborg, Vilhelm and Pagels, Joakim and Sadiktsis, Ioannis and Wahlström, Jens and Lyu, Yezhe and Gustafsson, Mats and Clausen, Per Axel and Jacobsen, Nicklas Raun and Vogel, Ulla}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{03}},
  title        = {{Mapping the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from combustion and traffic-related particulate air pollution}},
  url          = {{https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/files/241605090/NOSA_2023_ROS_Optimized.pdf}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}