The Upright Tiara of the Persian King
(2020) In Boreas : Uppsala studies in ancient Mediterranean and Near-Eastern civilizations 37. p.65-79- Abstract
- This paper examines a piece ofheadgear, usually referred to in modern literature as a Phrygian or Persian cap, but variously described astiara, kurbasiaor kidaris/kitarisin the ancient sources. According to Greek texts only the Persian king had the right to wear the headgearin an upright position, usually referred to as tiara orthé. The cap was part of the so-called Median riding dress, and was worn together with trousers, a sleeved garment and akandys, i.e. a cloak used as a mantle. On the basis of literary sources and iconographic evidenceit is suggested that tiara orthéreferred to the attached hood of akandys, or alternativelyanother upper garment, in an upraised position, i.e.when it was worn upon the head.... (More)
- This paper examines a piece ofheadgear, usually referred to in modern literature as a Phrygian or Persian cap, but variously described astiara, kurbasiaor kidaris/kitarisin the ancient sources. According to Greek texts only the Persian king had the right to wear the headgearin an upright position, usually referred to as tiara orthé. The cap was part of the so-called Median riding dress, and was worn together with trousers, a sleeved garment and akandys, i.e. a cloak used as a mantle. On the basis of literary sources and iconographic evidenceit is suggested that tiara orthéreferred to the attached hood of akandys, or alternativelyanother upper garment, in an upraised position, i.e.when it was worn upon the head. Xenophon, ourearliest andmost trustworthy sourceregarding the tiara orthé,explicitly wrotethat only the king may wear the tiaraupright, that is upon the head. (Less)
- Abstract (Swedish)
- This paper examines a piece of headgear, usually referred to in modern literature as
a Phrygian or Persian cap, but variously described as tiara, kurbasia or kidaris/
kitaris in the ancient sources. According to Greek texts only the Persian king had the
right to wear the headgear in an upright position, usually referred to as tiara orthé.
The cap was part of the so-called Median riding dress, and was worn together with
trousers, a sleeved garment and a kandys, i.e. a cloak used as a mantle. On the basis
of literary sources and iconographic evidence it is suggested that tiara orthé referred
to the attached hood of a kandys, or alternatively another upper garment, in an
upraised position, i.e. when it was worn... (More) - This paper examines a piece of headgear, usually referred to in modern literature as
a Phrygian or Persian cap, but variously described as tiara, kurbasia or kidaris/
kitaris in the ancient sources. According to Greek texts only the Persian king had the
right to wear the headgear in an upright position, usually referred to as tiara orthé.
The cap was part of the so-called Median riding dress, and was worn together with
trousers, a sleeved garment and a kandys, i.e. a cloak used as a mantle. On the basis
of literary sources and iconographic evidence it is suggested that tiara orthé referred
to the attached hood of a kandys, or alternatively another upper garment, in an
upraised position, i.e. when it was worn upon the head. Xenophon, our earliest and
most trustworthy source regarding the tiara orthé, explicitly wrote that only the king
may wear the tiara upright, that is upon the head. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/8798013c-3e8d-48f3-8d22-fb189c08e5ec
- author
- Berndt Ersöz, Susanne LU
- organization
- publishing date
- 2020
- type
- Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding
- publication status
- published
- subject
- host publication
- Achaemenid Anatolia: Persian presence and impact in the Western Satrapies 546-330 BC : Proceedings of an international symposium at the Swedish Research Institute in Istanbul, 7-8 September, 2017 - Proceedings of an international symposium at the Swedish Research Institute in Istanbul, 7-8 September, 2017
- series title
- Boreas : Uppsala studies in ancient Mediterranean and Near-Eastern civilizations
- editor
- Dahlén, Ashk P.
- volume
- 37
- pages
- 15 pages
- publisher
- Department of Archaeology and Ancient History, Uppsala University
- ISSN
- 0346-6442
- ISBN
- 978-91-513-0794-7
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- 8798013c-3e8d-48f3-8d22-fb189c08e5ec
- date added to LUP
- 2020-06-17 12:57:47
- date last changed
- 2020-06-30 13:50:20
@inproceedings{8798013c-3e8d-48f3-8d22-fb189c08e5ec,
abstract = {{This paper examines a piece ofheadgear, usually referred to in modern literature as a Phrygian or Persian cap, but variously described astiara, kurbasiaor kidaris/kitarisin the ancient sources. According to Greek texts only the Persian king had the right to wear the headgearin an upright position, usually referred to as tiara orthé. The cap was part of the so-called Median riding dress, and was worn together with trousers, a sleeved garment and akandys, i.e. a cloak used as a mantle. On the basis of literary sources and iconographic evidenceit is suggested that tiara orthéreferred to the attached hood of akandys, or alternativelyanother upper garment, in an upraised position, i.e.when it was worn upon the head. Xenophon, ourearliest andmost trustworthy sourceregarding the tiara orthé,explicitly wrotethat only the king may wear the tiaraupright, that is upon the head.}},
author = {{Berndt Ersöz, Susanne}},
booktitle = {{Achaemenid Anatolia: Persian presence and impact in the Western Satrapies 546-330 BC : Proceedings of an international symposium at the Swedish Research Institute in Istanbul, 7-8 September, 2017}},
editor = {{Dahlén, Ashk P.}},
isbn = {{978-91-513-0794-7}},
issn = {{0346-6442}},
language = {{eng}},
pages = {{65--79}},
publisher = {{Department of Archaeology and Ancient History, Uppsala University}},
series = {{Boreas : Uppsala studies in ancient Mediterranean and Near-Eastern civilizations}},
title = {{The Upright Tiara of the Persian King}},
url = {{https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/files/80734041/Berndt_2020.The_upright_tiara_of_the_Persian_King_04_BOREAS_37.pdf}},
volume = {{37}},
year = {{2020}},
}