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Vaccination technique, PPD reaction and BCG scarring in a cohort of children born in Guinea-Bissau 2000-2002

Roth, A ; Sodemann, M ; Jensen, H ; Poulsen, A ; Gustafson, Per LU ; Gomes, J ; Djana, Q ; Jakobsen, M ; Garly, ML and Rodrigues, A , et al. (2005) In Vaccine 23(30). p.3991-3998
Abstract
The rates of positive tuberculin skin test (TST) reactions and BCG scarring after BCG vaccination vary between studies and populations. Tuberculin reactivity and BCG scarring may be related to better child survival in low-income countries. We therefore studied determinants for TST reaction and scarring in Guinea-Bissau. In a cohort of children born in suburban Bissau from March 2000 to July 2002, we assessed a Mantoux test with Purified protein derivative (PPD) (SSI, 2 T.U.) at 2 (2689 children), 6 (N= 2148) and 12 months (N= 1638) of age, and BCG scar was assessed at 2 (N= 2698) and 6 months (N= 2225) of age. In a subgroup of the children the vaccination technique was monitored by direct observation of post-vaccination wheal and route of... (More)
The rates of positive tuberculin skin test (TST) reactions and BCG scarring after BCG vaccination vary between studies and populations. Tuberculin reactivity and BCG scarring may be related to better child survival in low-income countries. We therefore studied determinants for TST reaction and scarring in Guinea-Bissau. In a cohort of children born in suburban Bissau from March 2000 to July 2002, we assessed a Mantoux test with Purified protein derivative (PPD) (SSI, 2 T.U.) at 2 (2689 children), 6 (N= 2148) and 12 months (N= 1638) of age, and BCG scar was assessed at 2 (N= 2698) and 6 months (N= 2225) of age. In a subgroup of the children the vaccination technique was monitored by direct observation of post-vaccination wheal and route of administration. Three different types of BCG vaccine supplied by the local Extended Programme on Immunization were used. At 6 months of age the rate of PPD reactors (> 1 mm) after BCG vaccination was 25% and the rate of scarring was 89%. One BCG strain was associated with fewer PPD reactors (OR = 0.54 (0.31-0.91)) and BCG scars (OR = 0.13 (0.05-0.37)) and larger post-vaccination wheals produced more PPD reactions (OR 1.21 (95% Cl 1.02-1.43)) and BCG scars (OR 1.66 (1.24-2.21)). In the multivariable analyses of BCG-vaccinated children assessed at 6 months of age, monitoring of vaccination technique and type of BCG vaccine were important. This was not changed by control for other determinants, including sex, season, vaccination place, birthplace, ethnic group, low birth weight, place of residence, education and civil status of mother. We reason that vaccination. technique and BCG strain are important for PPD reaction and scarring in response to BCG vaccination. Considering that these responses are associated with better infant survival, the importance of monitoring vaccination technique and of different BCG strains should be evaluated with respect to infant mortality. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. (Less)
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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
vaccination technique, PPD, BCG scar
in
Vaccine
volume
23
issue
30
pages
3991 - 3998
publisher
Elsevier
external identifiers
  • wos:000229844000015
  • pmid:15899539
  • scopus:21144435783
ISSN
1873-2518
DOI
10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.10.022
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
8542a593-8f98-4c80-a269-7f56a0f4af6d (old id 895266)
date added to LUP
2016-04-01 12:08:46
date last changed
2022-03-28 20:56:32
@article{8542a593-8f98-4c80-a269-7f56a0f4af6d,
  abstract     = {{The rates of positive tuberculin skin test (TST) reactions and BCG scarring after BCG vaccination vary between studies and populations. Tuberculin reactivity and BCG scarring may be related to better child survival in low-income countries. We therefore studied determinants for TST reaction and scarring in Guinea-Bissau. In a cohort of children born in suburban Bissau from March 2000 to July 2002, we assessed a Mantoux test with Purified protein derivative (PPD) (SSI, 2 T.U.) at 2 (2689 children), 6 (N= 2148) and 12 months (N= 1638) of age, and BCG scar was assessed at 2 (N= 2698) and 6 months (N= 2225) of age. In a subgroup of the children the vaccination technique was monitored by direct observation of post-vaccination wheal and route of administration. Three different types of BCG vaccine supplied by the local Extended Programme on Immunization were used. At 6 months of age the rate of PPD reactors (> 1 mm) after BCG vaccination was 25% and the rate of scarring was 89%. One BCG strain was associated with fewer PPD reactors (OR = 0.54 (0.31-0.91)) and BCG scars (OR = 0.13 (0.05-0.37)) and larger post-vaccination wheals produced more PPD reactions (OR 1.21 (95% Cl 1.02-1.43)) and BCG scars (OR 1.66 (1.24-2.21)). In the multivariable analyses of BCG-vaccinated children assessed at 6 months of age, monitoring of vaccination technique and type of BCG vaccine were important. This was not changed by control for other determinants, including sex, season, vaccination place, birthplace, ethnic group, low birth weight, place of residence, education and civil status of mother. We reason that vaccination. technique and BCG strain are important for PPD reaction and scarring in response to BCG vaccination. Considering that these responses are associated with better infant survival, the importance of monitoring vaccination technique and of different BCG strains should be evaluated with respect to infant mortality. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.}},
  author       = {{Roth, A and Sodemann, M and Jensen, H and Poulsen, A and Gustafson, Per and Gomes, J and Djana, Q and Jakobsen, M and Garly, ML and Rodrigues, A and Aaby, P}},
  issn         = {{1873-2518}},
  keywords     = {{vaccination technique; PPD; BCG scar}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{30}},
  pages        = {{3991--3998}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier}},
  series       = {{Vaccine}},
  title        = {{Vaccination technique, PPD reaction and BCG scarring in a cohort of children born in Guinea-Bissau 2000-2002}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.10.022}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.10.022}},
  volume       = {{23}},
  year         = {{2005}},
}