Ecological opportunity and predator-prey interactions : Linking eco-evolutionary processes and diversification in adaptive radiations
(2018) In Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 285(1874).- Abstract
Much of life’s diversity has arisen through ecological opportunity and adaptive radiations, but the mechanistic underpinning of such diversification is not fully understood. Competition and predation can affect adaptive radiations, but contrasting theoretical and empirical results show that they can both promote and interrupt diversification. A mechanistic understanding of the link between microevolutionary processes and macroevolutionary patterns is thus needed, especially in trophic communities. Here, we use a trait-based eco-evolutionary model to investigate the mechanisms linking competition, predation and adaptive radiations. By combining available micro-evolutionary theory and simulations of adaptive radiations we show that... (More)
Much of life’s diversity has arisen through ecological opportunity and adaptive radiations, but the mechanistic underpinning of such diversification is not fully understood. Competition and predation can affect adaptive radiations, but contrasting theoretical and empirical results show that they can both promote and interrupt diversification. A mechanistic understanding of the link between microevolutionary processes and macroevolutionary patterns is thus needed, especially in trophic communities. Here, we use a trait-based eco-evolutionary model to investigate the mechanisms linking competition, predation and adaptive radiations. By combining available micro-evolutionary theory and simulations of adaptive radiations we show that intraspecific competition is crucial for diversification as it induces disruptive selection, in particular in early phases of radiation. The diversification rate is however decreased in later phases owing to interspecific competition as niche availability, and population sizes are decreased.We provide newinsight into how predation tends to have a negative effect on prey diversification through decreased population sizes, decreased disruptive selection and through the exclusion of prey from parts of niche space. The seemingly disparate effects of competition and predation on adaptive radiations, listed in the literature, may thus be acting and interacting in the same adaptive radiation at different relative strength as the radiation progresses.
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- author
- Pontarp, Mikael LU and Petchey, Owen L.
- publishing date
- 2018-03-14
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- keywords
- Adaptive radiation, Community patterns, Competition, Ecological speciation, Macroevolution, Predation
- in
- Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
- volume
- 285
- issue
- 1874
- article number
- 20172550
- pages
- 10 pages
- publisher
- Royal Society Publishing
- external identifiers
-
- pmid:29514970
- scopus:85043577692
- ISSN
- 0962-8452
- DOI
- 10.1098/rspb.2017.2550
- project
- Theoretical Macroevolutionary Ecology
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- no
- id
- 89bb9e4e-4667-4c09-9daa-337a70d4f50f
- date added to LUP
- 2019-04-10 10:13:02
- date last changed
- 2024-03-19 04:57:33
@article{89bb9e4e-4667-4c09-9daa-337a70d4f50f,
abstract = {{<p>Much of life’s diversity has arisen through ecological opportunity and adaptive radiations, but the mechanistic underpinning of such diversification is not fully understood. Competition and predation can affect adaptive radiations, but contrasting theoretical and empirical results show that they can both promote and interrupt diversification. A mechanistic understanding of the link between microevolutionary processes and macroevolutionary patterns is thus needed, especially in trophic communities. Here, we use a trait-based eco-evolutionary model to investigate the mechanisms linking competition, predation and adaptive radiations. By combining available micro-evolutionary theory and simulations of adaptive radiations we show that intraspecific competition is crucial for diversification as it induces disruptive selection, in particular in early phases of radiation. The diversification rate is however decreased in later phases owing to interspecific competition as niche availability, and population sizes are decreased.We provide newinsight into how predation tends to have a negative effect on prey diversification through decreased population sizes, decreased disruptive selection and through the exclusion of prey from parts of niche space. The seemingly disparate effects of competition and predation on adaptive radiations, listed in the literature, may thus be acting and interacting in the same adaptive radiation at different relative strength as the radiation progresses.</p>}},
author = {{Pontarp, Mikael and Petchey, Owen L.}},
issn = {{0962-8452}},
keywords = {{Adaptive radiation; Community patterns; Competition; Ecological speciation; Macroevolution; Predation}},
language = {{eng}},
month = {{03}},
number = {{1874}},
publisher = {{Royal Society Publishing}},
series = {{Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences}},
title = {{Ecological opportunity and predator-prey interactions : Linking eco-evolutionary processes and diversification in adaptive radiations}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.2550}},
doi = {{10.1098/rspb.2017.2550}},
volume = {{285}},
year = {{2018}},
}