Vitamin D status and dental caries in healthy Swedish children
(2018) In Nutrition Journal 17. p.1-10- Abstract
Background: Vitamin D is crucial for mineralized tissue formation and immunological functions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between vitamin D status and dental status in healthy children with vitamin D supplementation in infancy and at 6 years of age. Method: Eight-year-old children who had participated in a vitamin D intervention project when they were 6 years old were invited to participate in a dental follow-up study. They had fair or darker skin complexion and represented two geographically distant parts of Sweden. 25-hydroxy vitamin D in serum had been measured at 6 years of age and after a 3-month intervention with 25, 10 or 2 (placebo) μg of vitamin D3 per day. Two years later, caries and... (More)
Background: Vitamin D is crucial for mineralized tissue formation and immunological functions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between vitamin D status and dental status in healthy children with vitamin D supplementation in infancy and at 6 years of age. Method: Eight-year-old children who had participated in a vitamin D intervention project when they were 6 years old were invited to participate in a dental follow-up study. They had fair or darker skin complexion and represented two geographically distant parts of Sweden. 25-hydroxy vitamin D in serum had been measured at 6 years of age and after a 3-month intervention with 25, 10 or 2 (placebo) μg of vitamin D3 per day. Two years later, caries and enamel defects were scored, self-reported information on e.g., oral behavior, dietary habits and intake of vitamin D supplements was collected, and innate immunity peptide LL37 levels in saliva and cariogenic mutant streptococci in tooth biofilm were analyzed. The outcome variables were caries and tooth enamel defects. Results: Dental status was evaluated in 85 of the 206 children in the basic intervention study. Low vitamin D levels were found in 28% at baseline compared to 11% after the intervention, and 34% reported continued intake of vitamin D supplements. Logistic regression supported a weak inverse association between vitamin D status at 6 years of age and caries 2 years later (odds ratio 0.96; p = 0.024) with minor attenuation after an adjustment for potential confounders. Multivariate projection regression confirmed that insufficient vitamin D levels correlated with caries and higher vitamin D levels correlated with being caries-free. Vitamin D status at 6 years of age was unrelated to enamel defects but was positively associated with saliva LL37 levels. Conclusion: An association between vitamin D status and caries was supported, but it was not completely consistent. Vitamin D status at 6 years of age was unrelated to enamel defects but was positively associated with LL37 expression. Trial registration: The basic intervention study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov with register number NCT01741324 (www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02347293) on November 26, 2012.
(Less)
- author
- Gyll, Johanna ; Ridell, Karin ; Öhlund, Inger ; Karlsland Åkeson, Pia LU ; Johansson, Ingegerd and Lif Holgerson, Pernilla
- organization
- publishing date
- 2018-01-16
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- caries, Children, enamel defects, LL37, Vitamin D
- in
- Nutrition Journal
- volume
- 17
- article number
- 11
- pages
- 1 - 10
- publisher
- BioMed Central (BMC)
- external identifiers
-
- scopus:85040828698
- pmid:29338758
- ISSN
- 1475-2891
- DOI
- 10.1186/s12937-018-0318-1
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- 8aa488c0-b4eb-4170-9dbd-7345f5670b21
- date added to LUP
- 2018-02-07 16:06:19
- date last changed
- 2024-04-01 00:52:28
@article{8aa488c0-b4eb-4170-9dbd-7345f5670b21,
abstract = {{<p>Background: Vitamin D is crucial for mineralized tissue formation and immunological functions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between vitamin D status and dental status in healthy children with vitamin D supplementation in infancy and at 6 years of age. Method: Eight-year-old children who had participated in a vitamin D intervention project when they were 6 years old were invited to participate in a dental follow-up study. They had fair or darker skin complexion and represented two geographically distant parts of Sweden. 25-hydroxy vitamin D in serum had been measured at 6 years of age and after a 3-month intervention with 25, 10 or 2 (placebo) μg of vitamin D<sub>3</sub> per day. Two years later, caries and enamel defects were scored, self-reported information on e.g., oral behavior, dietary habits and intake of vitamin D supplements was collected, and innate immunity peptide LL37 levels in saliva and cariogenic mutant streptococci in tooth biofilm were analyzed. The outcome variables were caries and tooth enamel defects. Results: Dental status was evaluated in 85 of the 206 children in the basic intervention study. Low vitamin D levels were found in 28% at baseline compared to 11% after the intervention, and 34% reported continued intake of vitamin D supplements. Logistic regression supported a weak inverse association between vitamin D status at 6 years of age and caries 2 years later (odds ratio 0.96; p = 0.024) with minor attenuation after an adjustment for potential confounders. Multivariate projection regression confirmed that insufficient vitamin D levels correlated with caries and higher vitamin D levels correlated with being caries-free. Vitamin D status at 6 years of age was unrelated to enamel defects but was positively associated with saliva LL37 levels. Conclusion: An association between vitamin D status and caries was supported, but it was not completely consistent. Vitamin D status at 6 years of age was unrelated to enamel defects but was positively associated with LL37 expression. Trial registration: The basic intervention study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov with register number NCT01741324 (www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02347293) on November 26, 2012.</p>}},
author = {{Gyll, Johanna and Ridell, Karin and Öhlund, Inger and Karlsland Åkeson, Pia and Johansson, Ingegerd and Lif Holgerson, Pernilla}},
issn = {{1475-2891}},
keywords = {{caries; Children; enamel defects; LL37; Vitamin D}},
language = {{eng}},
month = {{01}},
pages = {{1--10}},
publisher = {{BioMed Central (BMC)}},
series = {{Nutrition Journal}},
title = {{Vitamin D status and dental caries in healthy Swedish children}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12937-018-0318-1}},
doi = {{10.1186/s12937-018-0318-1}},
volume = {{17}},
year = {{2018}},
}