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Ice-nucleating ability of particulate emissions from solid-biomass-fired cookstoves : An experimental study

Korhonen, Kimmo LU ; Bjerring Kristensen, Thomas LU ; Falk, John LU ; Lindgren, Robert ; Andersen, Christina LU ; Carvalho, Ricardo Luis ; Malmborg, Vilhelm LU orcid ; Eriksson, Axel LU orcid ; Boman, Christoffer and Pagels, Joakim LU , et al. (2020) In Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 20(8). p.4951-4968
Abstract

This research was part of the Salutary Umeå Study of Aerosols in Biomass Cookstove Emissions (SUSTAINE) laboratory experiment campaign. We studied ice-nucleating abilities of particulate emissions from solid-fuel-burning cookstoves, using a portable ice nuclei counter, Spectrometer Ice Nuclei (SPIN). These emissions were generated from two traditional cookstove types commonly used for household cooking in sub-Saharan Africa and two advanced gasifier stoves under research to promote sustainable development alternatives. The solid fuels studied included biomass from two different African tree species, Swedish softwood and agricultural residue products relevant to the region. Measurements were performed with a modified version of the... (More)

This research was part of the Salutary Umeå Study of Aerosols in Biomass Cookstove Emissions (SUSTAINE) laboratory experiment campaign. We studied ice-nucleating abilities of particulate emissions from solid-fuel-burning cookstoves, using a portable ice nuclei counter, Spectrometer Ice Nuclei (SPIN). These emissions were generated from two traditional cookstove types commonly used for household cooking in sub-Saharan Africa and two advanced gasifier stoves under research to promote sustainable development alternatives. The solid fuels studied included biomass from two different African tree species, Swedish softwood and agricultural residue products relevant to the region. Measurements were performed with a modified version of the standard water boiling test on polydisperse samples from flue gas during burning and size-selected accumulation mode soot particles from a 15 m3 aerosol-storage chamber. The studied soot particle sizes in nanometers were 250, 260, 300, 350, 400, 450 and 500. From this chamber, the particles were introduced to water-supersaturated freezing conditions (-32 to-43 °C) in the SPIN. Accumulation mode soot particles generally produced an ice-activated fraction of 10-3 in temperatures 1-1.5 °C higher than that required for homogeneous freezing at fixed RHw D 115 %. In five special experiments, the combustion performance of one cookstove was intentionally modified. Two of these exhibited a significant increase in the icenucleating ability of the particles, resulting in a 10-3 ice activation at temperatures up to 5.9 °C higher than homogeneous freezing and the observed increased ice-nucleating ability. We investigated six different physico-chemical properties of the emission particles but found no clear correlation between them and increasing ice-nucleating ability. We conclude that the freshly emitted combustion aerosols form ice via immersion and condensation freezing at temperatures only moderately above homogeneous freezing conditions.

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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
volume
20
issue
8
pages
18 pages
publisher
Copernicus GmbH
external identifiers
  • scopus:85084222985
ISSN
1680-7316
DOI
10.5194/acp-20-4951-2020
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
96a2e3a4-023b-466f-96d3-6f5a605a5354
date added to LUP
2020-06-09 15:58:10
date last changed
2023-11-20 05:42:00
@article{96a2e3a4-023b-466f-96d3-6f5a605a5354,
  abstract     = {{<p>This research was part of the Salutary Umeå Study of Aerosols in Biomass Cookstove Emissions (SUSTAINE) laboratory experiment campaign. We studied ice-nucleating abilities of particulate emissions from solid-fuel-burning cookstoves, using a portable ice nuclei counter, Spectrometer Ice Nuclei (SPIN). These emissions were generated from two traditional cookstove types commonly used for household cooking in sub-Saharan Africa and two advanced gasifier stoves under research to promote sustainable development alternatives. The solid fuels studied included biomass from two different African tree species, Swedish softwood and agricultural residue products relevant to the region. Measurements were performed with a modified version of the standard water boiling test on polydisperse samples from flue gas during burning and size-selected accumulation mode soot particles from a 15 m3 aerosol-storage chamber. The studied soot particle sizes in nanometers were 250, 260, 300, 350, 400, 450 and 500. From this chamber, the particles were introduced to water-supersaturated freezing conditions (-32 to-43 °C) in the SPIN. Accumulation mode soot particles generally produced an ice-activated fraction of 10<sup>-3</sup> in temperatures 1-1.5 °C higher than that required for homogeneous freezing at fixed RHw D 115 %. In five special experiments, the combustion performance of one cookstove was intentionally modified. Two of these exhibited a significant increase in the icenucleating ability of the particles, resulting in a 10-3 ice activation at temperatures up to 5.9 °C higher than homogeneous freezing and the observed increased ice-nucleating ability. We investigated six different physico-chemical properties of the emission particles but found no clear correlation between them and increasing ice-nucleating ability. We conclude that the freshly emitted combustion aerosols form ice via immersion and condensation freezing at temperatures only moderately above homogeneous freezing conditions.</p>}},
  author       = {{Korhonen, Kimmo and Bjerring Kristensen, Thomas and Falk, John and Lindgren, Robert and Andersen, Christina and Carvalho, Ricardo Luis and Malmborg, Vilhelm and Eriksson, Axel and Boman, Christoffer and Pagels, Joakim and Svenningsson, Birgitta and Komppula, Mika and Lehtinen, Kari E.J. and Virtanen, Annele}},
  issn         = {{1680-7316}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{04}},
  number       = {{8}},
  pages        = {{4951--4968}},
  publisher    = {{Copernicus GmbH}},
  series       = {{Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics}},
  title        = {{Ice-nucleating ability of particulate emissions from solid-biomass-fired cookstoves : An experimental study}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-4951-2020}},
  doi          = {{10.5194/acp-20-4951-2020}},
  volume       = {{20}},
  year         = {{2020}},
}