A Health-Conscious Food Pattern Is Associated with Prediabetes and Gut Microbiota in the Malmö Offspring Study
(2020) In Journal of Nutrition 150(4). p.861-872- Abstract
Background: Diet is a determinant of gut microbiota. Both diet and gut microbiota have been linked to metabolic diseases. Objective: We aimed to examine data-driven food patterns in relation to the prevalence of prediabetes and gut microbiota composition and food pattern-associated bacteria in relation to prediabetes. Methods: Food patterns were extracted using principal component analysis in 1726 individuals (aged 18-71 y, 55% women, mean BMI = 25.5 kg/m2) without diabetes from the population-based Malmö Offspring Study. The gut (fecal) microbiota was analyzed by sequencing the 16S ribosomal RNA gene (V1-V3 region). Prediabetes classification was based on fasting glucose ≥6.0 mmol/L and/or glycated hemoglobin ≥42 mmol/L at... (More)
Background: Diet is a determinant of gut microbiota. Both diet and gut microbiota have been linked to metabolic diseases. Objective: We aimed to examine data-driven food patterns in relation to the prevalence of prediabetes and gut microbiota composition and food pattern-associated bacteria in relation to prediabetes. Methods: Food patterns were extracted using principal component analysis in 1726 individuals (aged 18-71 y, 55% women, mean BMI = 25.5 kg/m2) without diabetes from the population-based Malmö Offspring Study. The gut (fecal) microbiota was analyzed by sequencing the 16S ribosomal RNA gene (V1-V3 region). Prediabetes classification was based on fasting glucose ≥6.0 mmol/L and/or glycated hemoglobin ≥42 mmol/L at baseline and/or type 2 diabetes diagnosis during follow-up (0-3.8 y). Logistic regression was used to investigate cross-sectional associations with prediabetes, and the general linear model to examine associations between food patterns and bacterial genera. Results: Two food patterns, the Health-conscious and the Sugar and High-Fat Dairy patterns, were identified. Adherence to the Health-conscious pattern was associated with a lower prevalence of prediabetes (OR comparing highest quintile with lowest: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.32, 0.92; P-trend = 0.03) and with the abundance of several gut bacterial genera, of which the most robust findings were with a higher abundance of Roseburia and Lachnospira and with a lower abundance of Eubacterium. Roseburia was also associated with a lower prevalence of prediabetes (OR comparing highest quintile with lowest: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.35, 0.92; P-trend = 0.01) and the association between the Health-conscious pattern and prediabetes was attenuated after adjustment for abundance of Roseburia and BMI. Adherence to the Sugar and High-Fat Dairy pattern was associated with a higher prevalence of prediabetes in women (P-trend across food pattern quintiles = 0.03). Conclusions: In this Swedish population-based study, a Health-conscious food pattern showed an inverse association with the prevalence of prediabetes. Potential underlying explanations may involve links between healthy diet and BMI, as well as gut microbiota, especially a higher abundance of Roseburia.
(Less)
- author
- Ericson, Ulrika LU ; Brunkwall, Louise LU ; Hellstrand, Sophie LU ; Nilsson, Peter M. LU and Orho-Melander, Marju LU
- organization
- publishing date
- 2020
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- Epidemiology, Food intake, Food patterns, Gut microbiota, Type 2 diabetes
- in
- Journal of Nutrition
- volume
- 150
- issue
- 4
- pages
- 12 pages
- publisher
- Oxford University Press
- external identifiers
-
- pmid:31851320
- scopus:85083893429
- ISSN
- 0022-3166
- DOI
- 10.1093/jn/nxz293
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- a0a56204-d443-424b-9d82-78eb3938cfd2
- date added to LUP
- 2020-05-20 13:13:19
- date last changed
- 2024-06-13 16:38:05
@article{a0a56204-d443-424b-9d82-78eb3938cfd2,
abstract = {{<p>Background: Diet is a determinant of gut microbiota. Both diet and gut microbiota have been linked to metabolic diseases. Objective: We aimed to examine data-driven food patterns in relation to the prevalence of prediabetes and gut microbiota composition and food pattern-associated bacteria in relation to prediabetes. Methods: Food patterns were extracted using principal component analysis in 1726 individuals (aged 18-71 y, 55% women, mean BMI = 25.5 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) without diabetes from the population-based Malmö Offspring Study. The gut (fecal) microbiota was analyzed by sequencing the 16S ribosomal RNA gene (V1-V3 region). Prediabetes classification was based on fasting glucose ≥6.0 mmol/L and/or glycated hemoglobin ≥42 mmol/L at baseline and/or type 2 diabetes diagnosis during follow-up (0-3.8 y). Logistic regression was used to investigate cross-sectional associations with prediabetes, and the general linear model to examine associations between food patterns and bacterial genera. Results: Two food patterns, the Health-conscious and the Sugar and High-Fat Dairy patterns, were identified. Adherence to the Health-conscious pattern was associated with a lower prevalence of prediabetes (OR comparing highest quintile with lowest: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.32, 0.92; P-trend = 0.03) and with the abundance of several gut bacterial genera, of which the most robust findings were with a higher abundance of Roseburia and Lachnospira and with a lower abundance of Eubacterium. Roseburia was also associated with a lower prevalence of prediabetes (OR comparing highest quintile with lowest: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.35, 0.92; P-trend = 0.01) and the association between the Health-conscious pattern and prediabetes was attenuated after adjustment for abundance of Roseburia and BMI. Adherence to the Sugar and High-Fat Dairy pattern was associated with a higher prevalence of prediabetes in women (P-trend across food pattern quintiles = 0.03). Conclusions: In this Swedish population-based study, a Health-conscious food pattern showed an inverse association with the prevalence of prediabetes. Potential underlying explanations may involve links between healthy diet and BMI, as well as gut microbiota, especially a higher abundance of Roseburia.</p>}},
author = {{Ericson, Ulrika and Brunkwall, Louise and Hellstrand, Sophie and Nilsson, Peter M. and Orho-Melander, Marju}},
issn = {{0022-3166}},
keywords = {{Epidemiology; Food intake; Food patterns; Gut microbiota; Type 2 diabetes}},
language = {{eng}},
number = {{4}},
pages = {{861--872}},
publisher = {{Oxford University Press}},
series = {{Journal of Nutrition}},
title = {{A Health-Conscious Food Pattern Is Associated with Prediabetes and Gut Microbiota in the Malmö Offspring Study}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxz293}},
doi = {{10.1093/jn/nxz293}},
volume = {{150}},
year = {{2020}},
}