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Putative Cut-Points in Sarcopenia Components and Incident Adverse Health Outcomes : An SDOC Analysis

Cawthon, Peggy M. ; Manini, Todd ; Patel, Sheena M. ; Newman, Anne ; Travison, Thomas ; Kiel, Douglas P. ; Santanasto, Adam J. ; Ensrud, Kristine E. ; Xue, Qian Li and Shardell, Michelle , et al. (2020) In Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 68(7). p.1429-1437
Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Analyses performed by the Sarcopenia Definitions and Outcomes Consortium (SDOC) identified cut-points in several metrics of grip strength for consideration in a definition of sarcopenia. We describe the associations between the SDOC-identified metrics of low grip strength (absolute or standardized to body size/composition); low dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) lean mass as previously defined in the literature (appendicular lean mass [ALM]/ht2); and slowness (walking speed <.8 m/s) with subsequent adverse outcomes (falls, hip fractures, mobility limitation, and mortality). DESIGN: Individual-level, sex-stratified pooled analysis. We calculated odds ratios (ORs) or hazard ratios (HRs) for incident falls,... (More)

OBJECTIVES: Analyses performed by the Sarcopenia Definitions and Outcomes Consortium (SDOC) identified cut-points in several metrics of grip strength for consideration in a definition of sarcopenia. We describe the associations between the SDOC-identified metrics of low grip strength (absolute or standardized to body size/composition); low dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) lean mass as previously defined in the literature (appendicular lean mass [ALM]/ht2); and slowness (walking speed <.8 m/s) with subsequent adverse outcomes (falls, hip fractures, mobility limitation, and mortality). DESIGN: Individual-level, sex-stratified pooled analysis. We calculated odds ratios (ORs) or hazard ratios (HRs) for incident falls, mobility limitation, hip fractures, and mortality. Follow-up time ranged from 1 year for falls to 8.8 ± 2.3 years for mortality. SETTING: Eight prospective observational cohort studies. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 13,421 community-dwelling men and 4,828 community-dwelling women. MEASUREMENTS. Grip strength by hand dynamometry, gait speed, and lean mass by DXA. RESULTS: Low grip strength (absolute or standardized to body size/composition) was associated with incident outcomes, usually independently of slowness, in both men and women. ORs and HRs generally ranged from 1.2 to 3.0 for those below vs above the cut-point. DXA lean mass was not consistently associated with these outcomes. When considered together, those who had both muscle weakness by absolute grip strength (<35.5 kg in men and <20 kg in women) and slowness were consistently more likely to have a fall, hip fracture, mobility limitation, or die than those without either slowness or muscle weakness. CONCLUSION: Older men and women with both muscle weakness and slowness have a higher likelihood of adverse health outcomes. These results support the inclusion of grip strength and walking speed as components in a summary definition of sarcopenia. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:1429-1437, 2020.

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type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
gait speed, grip strength, hip fracture, mobility limitation, sarcopenia
in
Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
volume
68
issue
7
pages
9 pages
publisher
Wiley-Blackwell
external identifiers
  • scopus:85081237894
  • pmid:32633824
ISSN
0002-8614
DOI
10.1111/jgs.16517
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
a67066a7-a6ec-433e-9a51-eaa1817bce78
date added to LUP
2020-12-29 13:50:12
date last changed
2024-06-28 07:09:38
@article{a67066a7-a6ec-433e-9a51-eaa1817bce78,
  abstract     = {{<p>OBJECTIVES: Analyses performed by the Sarcopenia Definitions and Outcomes Consortium (SDOC) identified cut-points in several metrics of grip strength for consideration in a definition of sarcopenia. We describe the associations between the SDOC-identified metrics of low grip strength (absolute or standardized to body size/composition); low dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) lean mass as previously defined in the literature (appendicular lean mass [ALM]/ht<sup>2</sup>); and slowness (walking speed &lt;.8 m/s) with subsequent adverse outcomes (falls, hip fractures, mobility limitation, and mortality). DESIGN: Individual-level, sex-stratified pooled analysis. We calculated odds ratios (ORs) or hazard ratios (HRs) for incident falls, mobility limitation, hip fractures, and mortality. Follow-up time ranged from 1 year for falls to 8.8 ± 2.3 years for mortality. SETTING: Eight prospective observational cohort studies. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 13,421 community-dwelling men and 4,828 community-dwelling women. MEASUREMENTS. Grip strength by hand dynamometry, gait speed, and lean mass by DXA. RESULTS: Low grip strength (absolute or standardized to body size/composition) was associated with incident outcomes, usually independently of slowness, in both men and women. ORs and HRs generally ranged from 1.2 to 3.0 for those below vs above the cut-point. DXA lean mass was not consistently associated with these outcomes. When considered together, those who had both muscle weakness by absolute grip strength (&lt;35.5 kg in men and &lt;20 kg in women) and slowness were consistently more likely to have a fall, hip fracture, mobility limitation, or die than those without either slowness or muscle weakness. CONCLUSION: Older men and women with both muscle weakness and slowness have a higher likelihood of adverse health outcomes. These results support the inclusion of grip strength and walking speed as components in a summary definition of sarcopenia. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:1429-1437, 2020.</p>}},
  author       = {{Cawthon, Peggy M. and Manini, Todd and Patel, Sheena M. and Newman, Anne and Travison, Thomas and Kiel, Douglas P. and Santanasto, Adam J. and Ensrud, Kristine E. and Xue, Qian Li and Shardell, Michelle and Duchowny, Kate and Erlandson, Kristine M. and Pencina, Karol M. and Fielding, Roger A. and Magaziner, Jay and Kwok, Timothy and Karlsson, Magnus and Ohlsson, Claes and Mellström, Dan and Hirani, Vasant and Ribom, Eva and Correa-de-Araujo, Rosaly and Bhasin, Shalender}},
  issn         = {{0002-8614}},
  keywords     = {{gait speed; grip strength; hip fracture; mobility limitation; sarcopenia}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{7}},
  pages        = {{1429--1437}},
  publisher    = {{Wiley-Blackwell}},
  series       = {{Journal of the American Geriatrics Society}},
  title        = {{Putative Cut-Points in Sarcopenia Components and Incident Adverse Health Outcomes : An SDOC Analysis}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jgs.16517}},
  doi          = {{10.1111/jgs.16517}},
  volume       = {{68}},
  year         = {{2020}},
}