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Early-Life Diet Diversity and the Subsequent Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Findings From Two Scandinavian Birth Cohorts

Guo, Annie ; Ludvigsson, Johnny ; Hård af Segerstad, Elin M LU orcid ; Brantsæter, Anne Lise ; Andersson, Björn ; Størdal, Ketil and Mårild, Karl (2024) In Inflammatory Bowel Diseases p.1-9
Abstract
Background
Diet diversity in early childhood promotes microbial diversity, influences the developing immune system, and has been linked to a reduced risk of immune-mediated diseases. This study aimed to determine the association between childhood diet diversity and later inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), for which data are limited.

Methods
Questionnaire data from the population-based birth cohorts All Babies in Southeast Sweden (ABIS) and the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort (MoBa), including participants from Southeast Sweden and Norway, were used to estimate a diet diversity score at ages 1 and 3 years. This score represents the diversity of intakes across 5 food groups comprising 11 subgroups. A higher score... (More)
Background
Diet diversity in early childhood promotes microbial diversity, influences the developing immune system, and has been linked to a reduced risk of immune-mediated diseases. This study aimed to determine the association between childhood diet diversity and later inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), for which data are limited.

Methods
Questionnaire data from the population-based birth cohorts All Babies in Southeast Sweden (ABIS) and the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort (MoBa), including participants from Southeast Sweden and Norway, were used to estimate a diet diversity score at ages 1 and 3 years. This score represents the diversity of intakes across 5 food groups comprising 11 subgroups. A higher score signifies higher diet diversity. We used linked health registry data to identify IBD diagnoses up to the year 2021. Cox regression and random-effect models were used to estimate pooled hazard ratios (aHRs) adjusted for sociodemographics, breastfeeding, and early-life antibiotic use.

Results
Among 81 272 children with 1 304 325 person-years of follow-up, 307 developed IBD. Diet diversity at ages 1 and 3 years was in pooled analyses not associated with later IBD (per one-unit increase, aHR = 0.96 [95% CI = 0.81-1.14] and aHR = 0.96 [95% CI = 0.83-1.11]). In MoBa, but not ABIS, a higher diet diversity at 1 and 3 years of age was inversely associated with ulcerative colitis (UC) (per one-unit increase, aHR = 0.78 [95% CI = 0.66-0.94] and aHR = 0.78 [95% CI = 0.65-0.95]). Still, pooled aHRs for UC as well as Crohn’s disease approximated one.

Conclusions
In this prospective study of 2 Scandinavian birth cohorts, no association was observed between early-life diet diversity and the subsequent risk of IBD. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
; ; ; ; ; and
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
in
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
article number
izae210
pages
1 - 9
publisher
Oxford University Press
external identifiers
  • pmid:39276084
ISSN
1536-4844
DOI
10.1093/ibd/izae210
language
English
LU publication?
no
id
abc0774d-08fe-4e1e-a78b-b84f0563a4b4
date added to LUP
2025-01-27 09:11:03
date last changed
2025-01-28 03:07:21
@article{abc0774d-08fe-4e1e-a78b-b84f0563a4b4,
  abstract     = {{Background<br/>Diet diversity in early childhood promotes microbial diversity, influences the developing immune system, and has been linked to a reduced risk of immune-mediated diseases. This study aimed to determine the association between childhood diet diversity and later inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), for which data are limited.<br/><br/>Methods<br/>Questionnaire data from the population-based birth cohorts All Babies in Southeast Sweden (ABIS) and the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort (MoBa), including participants from Southeast Sweden and Norway, were used to estimate a diet diversity score at ages 1 and 3 years. This score represents the diversity of intakes across 5 food groups comprising 11 subgroups. A higher score signifies higher diet diversity. We used linked health registry data to identify IBD diagnoses up to the year 2021. Cox regression and random-effect models were used to estimate pooled hazard ratios (aHRs) adjusted for sociodemographics, breastfeeding, and early-life antibiotic use.<br/><br/>Results<br/>Among 81 272 children with 1 304 325 person-years of follow-up, 307 developed IBD. Diet diversity at ages 1 and 3 years was in pooled analyses not associated with later IBD (per one-unit increase, aHR = 0.96 [95% CI = 0.81-1.14] and aHR = 0.96 [95% CI = 0.83-1.11]). In MoBa, but not ABIS, a higher diet diversity at 1 and 3 years of age was inversely associated with ulcerative colitis (UC) (per one-unit increase, aHR = 0.78 [95% CI = 0.66-0.94] and aHR = 0.78 [95% CI = 0.65-0.95]). Still, pooled aHRs for UC as well as Crohn’s disease approximated one.<br/><br/>Conclusions<br/>In this prospective study of 2 Scandinavian birth cohorts, no association was observed between early-life diet diversity and the subsequent risk of IBD.}},
  author       = {{Guo, Annie and Ludvigsson, Johnny and Hård af Segerstad, Elin M and Brantsæter, Anne Lise and Andersson, Björn and Størdal, Ketil and Mårild, Karl}},
  issn         = {{1536-4844}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{09}},
  pages        = {{1--9}},
  publisher    = {{Oxford University Press}},
  series       = {{Inflammatory Bowel Diseases}},
  title        = {{Early-Life Diet Diversity and the Subsequent Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Findings From Two Scandinavian Birth Cohorts}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ibd/izae210}},
  doi          = {{10.1093/ibd/izae210}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}