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Non-Fullerene Naphthalene Diimide-Based Electron-Transport Materials for High-Performance and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

Zhang, Zhenhao ; Chen, Zilong ; Yukta LU orcid ; Zhang, Haichang and Liu, Maning LU orcid (2025) In ACS Materials Letters 7(8). p.2876-2901
Abstract
Halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as a transformative photovoltaic technology, achieving unprecedented power conversion efficiencies. However, the development of electron-transport materials (ETMs), particularly organic ETMs, has significantly trailed behind the rapid progress in hole-transport materials (HTMs). Among the organic ETMs, naphthalene diimide (NDI)-based systems stand out due to their strong electron affinity, high charge mobility, tunable energy levels, and versatile molecular design. This review systematically summarizes recent breakthroughs in non-fullerene NDI-based ETMs, with a specific focus on small-molecule compounds. Furthermore, the relationship between molecular structure, device performance, and... (More)
Halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as a transformative photovoltaic technology, achieving unprecedented power conversion efficiencies. However, the development of electron-transport materials (ETMs), particularly organic ETMs, has significantly trailed behind the rapid progress in hole-transport materials (HTMs). Among the organic ETMs, naphthalene diimide (NDI)-based systems stand out due to their strong electron affinity, high charge mobility, tunable energy levels, and versatile molecular design. This review systematically summarizes recent breakthroughs in non-fullerene NDI-based ETMs, with a specific focus on small-molecule compounds. Furthermore, the relationship between molecular structure, device performance, and operational stability is critically evaluated, and key challenges in interfacial engineering and charge extraction are identified. By correlating material design principles with device physics, this work provides a roadmap for advancing NDI-based ETMs to bridge the performance gap with HTMs and accelerate the commercialization of stable, high-efficiency PSCs. (Less)
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author
; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
ACS Materials Letters
volume
7
issue
8
pages
26 pages
publisher
The American Chemical Society (ACS)
external identifiers
  • scopus:105010531628
ISSN
2639-4979
DOI
10.1021/acsmaterialslett.5c00719
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
b84fa4a4-2b9e-4d25-9430-bc23a14460fa
date added to LUP
2025-12-02 10:04:40
date last changed
2025-12-04 13:44:59
@article{b84fa4a4-2b9e-4d25-9430-bc23a14460fa,
  abstract     = {{Halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as a transformative photovoltaic technology, achieving unprecedented power conversion efficiencies. However, the development of electron-transport materials (ETMs), particularly organic ETMs, has significantly trailed behind the rapid progress in hole-transport materials (HTMs). Among the organic ETMs, naphthalene diimide (NDI)-based systems stand out due to their strong electron affinity, high charge mobility, tunable energy levels, and versatile molecular design. This review systematically summarizes recent breakthroughs in non-fullerene NDI-based ETMs, with a specific focus on small-molecule compounds. Furthermore, the relationship between molecular structure, device performance, and operational stability is critically evaluated, and key challenges in interfacial engineering and charge extraction are identified. By correlating material design principles with device physics, this work provides a roadmap for advancing NDI-based ETMs to bridge the performance gap with HTMs and accelerate the commercialization of stable, high-efficiency PSCs.}},
  author       = {{Zhang, Zhenhao and Chen, Zilong and Yukta and Zhang, Haichang and Liu, Maning}},
  issn         = {{2639-4979}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{07}},
  number       = {{8}},
  pages        = {{2876--2901}},
  publisher    = {{The American Chemical Society (ACS)}},
  series       = {{ACS Materials Letters}},
  title        = {{Non-Fullerene Naphthalene Diimide-Based Electron-Transport Materials for High-Performance and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsmaterialslett.5c00719}},
  doi          = {{10.1021/acsmaterialslett.5c00719}},
  volume       = {{7}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}