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Lifestyle and cancer incidence and mortality risk depending on family history of cancer in two prospective cohorts

Drake, Isabel LU ; Dias, Joana Alves LU ; Teleka, Stanley LU ; Stocks, Tanja LU and Orho-Melander, Marju LU (2020) In International Journal of Cancer 146(5). p.1198-1207
Abstract

The extent to which a favorable lifestyle may lower cancer risk in subjects with a family history of cancer is unknown. We conducted a prospective study in two Swedish cohorts, the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (MDCS; n = 25,604) and the Malmö Preventive Project (MPP; n = 16,216). The association between a favorable lifestyle (based on nonsmoking, normal weight, absence of excessive drinking, regular physical activity and healthy diet) and cancer incidence and mortality risk was assessed using Cox regression stratified by family history of cancer (all types). A favorable lifestyle was associated with a 22% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 18–26%) and 40% (95% CI: 36–44%) lower risk of cancer incidence and mortality, respectively, compared... (More)

The extent to which a favorable lifestyle may lower cancer risk in subjects with a family history of cancer is unknown. We conducted a prospective study in two Swedish cohorts, the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (MDCS; n = 25,604) and the Malmö Preventive Project (MPP; n = 16,216). The association between a favorable lifestyle (based on nonsmoking, normal weight, absence of excessive drinking, regular physical activity and healthy diet) and cancer incidence and mortality risk was assessed using Cox regression stratified by family history of cancer (all types). A favorable lifestyle was associated with a 22% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 18–26%) and 40% (95% CI: 36–44%) lower risk of cancer incidence and mortality, respectively, compared to an unfavorable lifestyle. No significant effect modification by family history was observed but there was a null association between lifestyle and cancer incidence among subjects with two or more affected first-degree relatives. The observed relative risk estimates comparing an unfavorable with a favorable lifestyle corresponded to standardized 10-year cancer incidence rates of 11.2 vs. 9.5% in the MDCS, and 4.4 vs. 3.2% in the MPP, and a reduction in 20-year cancer mortality rate from 11.7% to 7.4% in the MDCS and 6.7% to 3.9% in the MPP. Improved adherence to cancer prevention recommendations may reduce cancer incidence and mortality risk in the general population, however, further studies are needed to assess the impact of lifestyle on cancer incidence among subjects with strong familial or polygenic risk for specific cancers.

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author
; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
cancer, cohort, family history, lifestyle
in
International Journal of Cancer
volume
146
issue
5
pages
10 pages
publisher
John Wiley & Sons Inc.
external identifiers
  • pmid:31077359
  • scopus:85066145989
ISSN
0020-7136
DOI
10.1002/ijc.32397
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
c7919e3b-7952-4ef1-b753-132382c3a14c
date added to LUP
2019-06-13 10:54:38
date last changed
2024-04-16 09:52:11
@article{c7919e3b-7952-4ef1-b753-132382c3a14c,
  abstract     = {{<p>The extent to which a favorable lifestyle may lower cancer risk in subjects with a family history of cancer is unknown. We conducted a prospective study in two Swedish cohorts, the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (MDCS; n = 25,604) and the Malmö Preventive Project (MPP; n = 16,216). The association between a favorable lifestyle (based on nonsmoking, normal weight, absence of excessive drinking, regular physical activity and healthy diet) and cancer incidence and mortality risk was assessed using Cox regression stratified by family history of cancer (all types). A favorable lifestyle was associated with a 22% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 18–26%) and 40% (95% CI: 36–44%) lower risk of cancer incidence and mortality, respectively, compared to an unfavorable lifestyle. No significant effect modification by family history was observed but there was a null association between lifestyle and cancer incidence among subjects with two or more affected first-degree relatives. The observed relative risk estimates comparing an unfavorable with a favorable lifestyle corresponded to standardized 10-year cancer incidence rates of 11.2 vs. 9.5% in the MDCS, and 4.4 vs. 3.2% in the MPP, and a reduction in 20-year cancer mortality rate from 11.7% to 7.4% in the MDCS and 6.7% to 3.9% in the MPP. Improved adherence to cancer prevention recommendations may reduce cancer incidence and mortality risk in the general population, however, further studies are needed to assess the impact of lifestyle on cancer incidence among subjects with strong familial or polygenic risk for specific cancers.</p>}},
  author       = {{Drake, Isabel and Dias, Joana Alves and Teleka, Stanley and Stocks, Tanja and Orho-Melander, Marju}},
  issn         = {{0020-7136}},
  keywords     = {{cancer; cohort; family history; lifestyle}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{03}},
  number       = {{5}},
  pages        = {{1198--1207}},
  publisher    = {{John Wiley & Sons Inc.}},
  series       = {{International Journal of Cancer}},
  title        = {{Lifestyle and cancer incidence and mortality risk depending on family history of cancer in two prospective cohorts}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijc.32397}},
  doi          = {{10.1002/ijc.32397}},
  volume       = {{146}},
  year         = {{2020}},
}