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Impaired vascular function after exposure to diesel exhaust generated at urban transient running conditions

Barath, Stefan ; Mills, Nicholas L. ; Lundback, Magnus ; Tornqvist, Hakan ; Lucking, Andrew J. ; Langrish, Jeremy P. ; Soderberg, Stefan ; Boman, Christoffer ; Westerholm, Roger and Löndahl, Jakob LU orcid , et al. (2010) In Particle and Fibre Toxicology 7.
Abstract
Background: Traffic emissions including diesel engine exhaust are associated with increased respiratory and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Controlled human exposure studies have demonstrated impaired vascular function after inhalation of exhaust generated by a diesel engine under idling conditions. Objectives: To assess the vascular and fibrinolytic effects of exposure to diesel exhaust generated during urban-cycle running conditions that mimic ambient 'real-world' exposures. Methods: In a randomised double-blind crossover study, eighteen healthy male volunteers were exposed to diesel exhaust (approximately 250 mu g/m(3)) or filtered air for one hour during intermittent exercise. Diesel exhaust was generated during the urban part... (More)
Background: Traffic emissions including diesel engine exhaust are associated with increased respiratory and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Controlled human exposure studies have demonstrated impaired vascular function after inhalation of exhaust generated by a diesel engine under idling conditions. Objectives: To assess the vascular and fibrinolytic effects of exposure to diesel exhaust generated during urban-cycle running conditions that mimic ambient 'real-world' exposures. Methods: In a randomised double-blind crossover study, eighteen healthy male volunteers were exposed to diesel exhaust (approximately 250 mu g/m(3)) or filtered air for one hour during intermittent exercise. Diesel exhaust was generated during the urban part of the standardized European Transient Cycle. Six hours post-exposure, vascular vasomotor and fibrinolytic function was assessed during venous occlusion plethysmography with intra-arterial agonist infusions. Measurements and Main Results: Forearm blood flow increased in a dose-dependent manner with both endothelial-dependent (acetylcholine and bradykinin) and endothelial-independent (sodium nitroprusside and verapamil) vasodilators. Diesel exhaust exposure attenuated the vasodilatation to acetylcholine (P < 0.001), bradykinin (P < 0.05), sodium nitroprusside (P < 0.05) and verapamil (P < 0.001). In addition, the net release of tissue plasminogen activator during bradykinin infusion was impaired following diesel exhaust exposure (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Exposure to diesel exhaust generated under transient running conditions, as a relevant model of urban air pollution, impairs vasomotor function and endogenous fibrinolysis in a similar way as exposure to diesel exhaust generated at idling. This indicates that adverse vascular effects of diesel exhaust inhalation occur over different running conditions with varying exhaust composition and concentrations as well as physicochemical particle properties. Importantly, exposure to diesel exhaust under ETC conditions was also associated with a novel finding of impaired of calcium channel-dependent vasomotor function. This implies that certain cardiovascular endpoints seem to be related to general diesel exhaust properties, whereas the novel calcium flux-related effect may be associated with exhaust properties more specific for the ETC condition, for example a higher content of diesel soot particles along with their adsorbed organic compounds. (Less)
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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
Particle and Fibre Toxicology
volume
7
publisher
BioMed Central (BMC)
external identifiers
  • wos:000282501600001
  • scopus:77954784515
  • pmid:20653945
ISSN
1743-8977
DOI
10.1186/1743-8977-7-19
language
English
LU publication?
yes
additional info
The information about affiliations in this record was updated in December 2015. The record was previously connected to the following departments: Nuclear Physics (Faculty of Technology) (011013007)
id
c7e55cb2-1f48-4423-974d-7867ea86aa20 (old id 1726861)
date added to LUP
2016-04-01 13:23:25
date last changed
2023-11-12 16:21:58
@article{c7e55cb2-1f48-4423-974d-7867ea86aa20,
  abstract     = {{Background: Traffic emissions including diesel engine exhaust are associated with increased respiratory and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Controlled human exposure studies have demonstrated impaired vascular function after inhalation of exhaust generated by a diesel engine under idling conditions. Objectives: To assess the vascular and fibrinolytic effects of exposure to diesel exhaust generated during urban-cycle running conditions that mimic ambient 'real-world' exposures. Methods: In a randomised double-blind crossover study, eighteen healthy male volunteers were exposed to diesel exhaust (approximately 250 mu g/m(3)) or filtered air for one hour during intermittent exercise. Diesel exhaust was generated during the urban part of the standardized European Transient Cycle. Six hours post-exposure, vascular vasomotor and fibrinolytic function was assessed during venous occlusion plethysmography with intra-arterial agonist infusions. Measurements and Main Results: Forearm blood flow increased in a dose-dependent manner with both endothelial-dependent (acetylcholine and bradykinin) and endothelial-independent (sodium nitroprusside and verapamil) vasodilators. Diesel exhaust exposure attenuated the vasodilatation to acetylcholine (P &lt; 0.001), bradykinin (P &lt; 0.05), sodium nitroprusside (P &lt; 0.05) and verapamil (P &lt; 0.001). In addition, the net release of tissue plasminogen activator during bradykinin infusion was impaired following diesel exhaust exposure (P &lt; 0.05). Conclusion: Exposure to diesel exhaust generated under transient running conditions, as a relevant model of urban air pollution, impairs vasomotor function and endogenous fibrinolysis in a similar way as exposure to diesel exhaust generated at idling. This indicates that adverse vascular effects of diesel exhaust inhalation occur over different running conditions with varying exhaust composition and concentrations as well as physicochemical particle properties. Importantly, exposure to diesel exhaust under ETC conditions was also associated with a novel finding of impaired of calcium channel-dependent vasomotor function. This implies that certain cardiovascular endpoints seem to be related to general diesel exhaust properties, whereas the novel calcium flux-related effect may be associated with exhaust properties more specific for the ETC condition, for example a higher content of diesel soot particles along with their adsorbed organic compounds.}},
  author       = {{Barath, Stefan and Mills, Nicholas L. and Lundback, Magnus and Tornqvist, Hakan and Lucking, Andrew J. and Langrish, Jeremy P. and Soderberg, Stefan and Boman, Christoffer and Westerholm, Roger and Löndahl, Jakob and Donaldson, Ken and Mudway, Ian S. and Sandstrom, Thomas and Newby, David E. and Blomberg, Anders}},
  issn         = {{1743-8977}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{BioMed Central (BMC)}},
  series       = {{Particle and Fibre Toxicology}},
  title        = {{Impaired vascular function after exposure to diesel exhaust generated at urban transient running conditions}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-8977-7-19}},
  doi          = {{10.1186/1743-8977-7-19}},
  volume       = {{7}},
  year         = {{2010}},
}