Skip to main content

Lund University Publications

LUND UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES

Over-the-air DPD and reciprocity calibration in massive MIMO and beyond

Sheikhi, Ashkan LU orcid ; Edfors, Ove LU orcid and Vidal Alegría, Juan LU orcid (2025) In IEEE Wireless Communications Letters
Abstract
Non-linear transceivers and non-reciprocity of downlink and uplink channels are two major challenges in the deployment of massive multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) systems. We consider an over-the-air (OTA) approach for digital pre-distortion (DPD) and reciprocity calibration to jointly address these issues. In particular, we consider a memory-less non-linearity model for the base station (BS) transmitters, and we propose a method to perform both linearization and reciprocity calibration based on mutual coupling OTA measurements between BS antennas. We show that, by using only the OTA-based data, we can linearize the transmitters and design the calibration to compensate for both the non-linearity and non-reciprocity of BS transceivers.... (More)
Non-linear transceivers and non-reciprocity of downlink and uplink channels are two major challenges in the deployment of massive multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) systems. We consider an over-the-air (OTA) approach for digital pre-distortion (DPD) and reciprocity calibration to jointly address these issues. In particular, we consider a memory-less non-linearity model for the base station (BS) transmitters, and we propose a method to perform both linearization and reciprocity calibration based on mutual coupling OTA measurements between BS antennas. We show that, by using only the OTA-based data, we can linearize the transmitters and design the calibration to compensate for both the non-linearity and non-reciprocity of BS transceivers. This allows alleviating the requirement to have dedicated hardware modules for transceiver linearization. Moreover, the proposed reciprocity calibration method is solely based on closed-form linear transformations, achieving a significant complexity reduction over state-of-the-art reciprocity methods, which assume linear transceivers, and rely on iterative methods. Simulation results showcase the potential of our approach in terms of the calibration matrix estimation error and downlink data-rates when applying zero-forcing (ZF) precoding after using our OTA-based DPD and reciprocity calibration method. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
epub
subject
keywords
Digital predistortion (DPD), Massive MIMO, Reciprocity calibration, Over-the-air
in
IEEE Wireless Communications Letters
publisher
IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
external identifiers
  • scopus:105013773189
ISSN
2162-2345
DOI
10.1109/LWC.2025.3600057
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
cd2d8d42-fc4b-471f-b088-8e7760fa16f0
date added to LUP
2025-08-25 13:08:54
date last changed
2025-10-18 04:01:14
@article{cd2d8d42-fc4b-471f-b088-8e7760fa16f0,
  abstract     = {{Non-linear transceivers and non-reciprocity of downlink and uplink channels are two major challenges in the deployment of massive multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) systems. We consider an over-the-air (OTA) approach for digital pre-distortion (DPD) and reciprocity calibration to jointly address these issues. In particular, we consider a memory-less non-linearity model for the base station (BS) transmitters, and we propose a method to perform both linearization and reciprocity calibration based on mutual coupling OTA measurements between BS antennas. We show that, by using only the OTA-based data, we can linearize the transmitters and design the calibration to compensate for both the non-linearity and non-reciprocity of BS transceivers. This allows alleviating the requirement to have dedicated hardware modules for transceiver linearization. Moreover, the proposed reciprocity calibration method is solely based on closed-form linear transformations, achieving a significant complexity reduction over state-of-the-art reciprocity methods, which assume linear transceivers, and rely on iterative methods. Simulation results showcase the potential of our approach in terms of the calibration matrix estimation error and downlink data-rates when applying zero-forcing (ZF) precoding after using our OTA-based DPD and reciprocity calibration method.}},
  author       = {{Sheikhi, Ashkan and Edfors, Ove and Vidal Alegría, Juan}},
  issn         = {{2162-2345}},
  keywords     = {{Digital predistortion (DPD); Massive MIMO; Reciprocity calibration; Over-the-air}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{08}},
  publisher    = {{IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.}},
  series       = {{IEEE Wireless Communications Letters}},
  title        = {{Over-the-air DPD and reciprocity calibration in massive MIMO and beyond}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/LWC.2025.3600057}},
  doi          = {{10.1109/LWC.2025.3600057}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}