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Toward the Promised Land : Politicisation as a Pathway to Emancipatory Agricultural Transformation in Uganda

Byaruhanga, Ronald LU (2025)
Abstract
Amid escalating ecological crises, widening socio-economic inequalities, and intensifying climate change, the imperative to transform agricultural systems towards sustainability and equity has become increasingly urgent. Yet such
transformation is often hindered by entrenched institutional and structural arrangements that privilege narrowly defined notions of productivity and market efficiency, thereby sidelining holistic approaches that emphasise resilience, equity, and human and ecological flourishing. Consequently, although pathways such as agroecology are gaining traction as viable alternatives, their adoption and expansion remain constrained. Against this backdrop, this thesis proceeds from the premise that realising such... (More)
Amid escalating ecological crises, widening socio-economic inequalities, and intensifying climate change, the imperative to transform agricultural systems towards sustainability and equity has become increasingly urgent. Yet such
transformation is often hindered by entrenched institutional and structural arrangements that privilege narrowly defined notions of productivity and market efficiency, thereby sidelining holistic approaches that emphasise resilience, equity, and human and ecological flourishing. Consequently, although pathways such as agroecology are gaining traction as viable alternatives, their adoption and expansion remain constrained. Against this backdrop, this thesis proceeds from the premise that realising such transformative alternatives requires confronting and disrupting the institutional, structural, and political obstacles that impede change.

In this thesis, I explore the potential of politicisation as a process through which dominant agricultural development practices and ideologies are reframed and contested in Uganda. Specifically, I investigate how politicisation unfolds and
how it shapes the possibilities for advancing transformative agricultural alternatives, including efforts to reconfigure the institutional arrangements that structure agricultural systems. Grounded in critical realism, emancipatory social science, and social movement theory, the analysis seeks to uncover the underlying mechanisms and structural conditions that shape how social actors mobilise, exercise agency, and generate transformative social power. I examine how these actors challenge and reconfigure dominant agrarian models while navigating and negotiating political constraints, thereby illuminating the dynamic processes through which collective action and emancipatory transformation become possible.

The thesis comprises three interlinked articles that collectively demonstrate how, despite entrenched institutional and political barriers, change agents carve out spaces and leverage existing openings to prefigure and advocate for alternative practices and visions. These strategies are anchored in adaptive, often non-confrontational practices that balance resistance with collaboration, illustrating how change agents navigate tensions between transformative aspirations and structural constraints without relinquishing their critical stance.

With these findings, the thesis offers both theoretical and empirical contributions. Theoretically, it conceptualises politicisation as a mechanism that not only challenges and reframes agricultural transformation but also enables change agents to create the conditions necessary to navigate constraints while insulating themselves against co-optation and repression. Empirically, it demonstrates how political mobilisation materialises in contexts where open confrontation is restricted, showing how actors cultivate collective agency and expand the possibilities for transformative change. Overall, the thesis argues that politicisation involves both material and discursive practices through which emancipatory agricultural transformation can emerge across diverse contexts and conditions. (Less)
Abstract (Swedish)
Mot bakgrund av tilltagande ekologiska kriser, växande socioekonomiska ojämlikheter och ett klimat i förändring har behovet av att omvandla jordbrukssystem mot hållbarhet och rättvisa blivit alltmer akut. En sådan omvandling hindras emellertid ofta av djuprotade strukturer och institutionella arrangemang som gynnar snävt definierade föreställningar om produktivitet och marknadseffektivitet. Därigenom marginaliseras helhetliga angreppssätt som betonar resiliens, jämlikhet samt mänskligt och ekologiskt välbefinnande. Trots att alternativa vägar, såsom agroekologi, i allt högre utsträckning anses som hållbara och gångbara alternativ förblir deras tillämpning och spridning begränsad. Denna avhandling utgår därför från antagandet att... (More)
Mot bakgrund av tilltagande ekologiska kriser, växande socioekonomiska ojämlikheter och ett klimat i förändring har behovet av att omvandla jordbrukssystem mot hållbarhet och rättvisa blivit alltmer akut. En sådan omvandling hindras emellertid ofta av djuprotade strukturer och institutionella arrangemang som gynnar snävt definierade föreställningar om produktivitet och marknadseffektivitet. Därigenom marginaliseras helhetliga angreppssätt som betonar resiliens, jämlikhet samt mänskligt och ekologiskt välbefinnande. Trots att alternativa vägar, såsom agroekologi, i allt högre utsträckning anses som hållbara och gångbara alternativ förblir deras tillämpning och spridning begränsad. Denna avhandling utgår därför från antagandet att förverkligandet av sådana transformativa alternativ kräver att de institutionella, strukturella och politiska hinder som motverkar förändring konfronteras och utmanas.
Avhandlingens övergripande syfte är att undersöka politiseringens potential som en process genom vilken dominerande praktiker och ideologier inom jordbruksutveckling omformuleras och ifrågasätts i Uganda. Särskilt fokus ligger på hur politisering tar form och hur den påverkar möjligheterna att främja transformativa jordbruksalternativ, inklusive insatser för att omstrukturera de institutioner som formar jordbrukssystem. Teoretiskt vilar analysen på kritisk realism, emancipatorisk samhällsvetenskap och sociala rörelser-teori, och syftar till att synliggöra underliggande mekanismer och strukturella villkor som påverkar hur samhällsaktörer mobiliserar, utövar handlingskraft och skapar transformativ social makt. Studien analyserar hur dessa aktörer utmanar och omformar dominerande agrara modeller, samtidigt som de navigerar politiska begränsningar. Därmed belyser studien de dynamiska processer som möjliggör kollektivt handlande och emancipatorisk omvandling.

Avhandlingen består av tre sammanlänkade artiklar som tillsammans visar hur förändringsaktörer – trots djupt rotade institutionella och politiska hinder, skapar handlingsutrymme och utnyttjar befintliga öppningar för att förespråka och förverkliga alternativa praktiker och visioner. Deras strategier är ofta adaptiva och icke-konfrontativa, och balanserar motstånd med samarbete. Därigenom illustreras hur förändringsaktörer hanterar spänningar mellan transformativa ambitioner och strukturella begränsningar utan att förlora sin kritiska hållning.
Avhandlingens bidrag är både teoretiska och empiriska. Teoretiskt konceptualiseras politisering som en mekanism som inte enbart utmanar och omformulerar jordbruksomvandling, utan också möjliggör för förändringsaktörer att skapa de villkor som krävs för att navigera begränsningar och samtidigt skydda sig mot kooptering och förtryck. Empiriskt visar studien hur politisk mobilisering tar sig uttryck när utrymmet för öppen konfrontation är begränsat, och hur aktörer utvecklar kollektiv handlingsförmåga och utvidgar möjligheterna till transformativ förändring. Sammantaget argumenterar avhandlingen för att politisering inbegriper både materiella och diskursiva praktiker, genom vilka en emancipatorisk jordbruksomvandling kan växa fram i olika sammanhang och under skiftande förutsättningar.
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Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
supervisor
opponent
  • Professor Buur, Lars, Roskilde University
organization
alternative title
Mot det utlovade landet : Politisering som en väg mot en emancipatorisk jordbrukstransformation i Uganda
publishing date
type
Thesis
publication status
published
subject
keywords
agricultural development, politicisation, agroecology, Food sovereignty, Smallholder farmers, sustainability science, Uganda
pages
142 pages
publisher
Lund University (Media-Tryck)
defense location
Ostrom, Josephson, Biskopsgatan 5, Lund
defense date
2025-11-21 10:00:00
ISBN
978-91-8104-731-8
978-91-8104-730-1
project
Mobilizing farmer organisations for sustainable agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
d25fa55c-54e3-4d9f-b57f-4c878d6f13b5
date added to LUP
2025-10-20 22:19:35
date last changed
2025-10-21 15:13:19
@phdthesis{d25fa55c-54e3-4d9f-b57f-4c878d6f13b5,
  abstract     = {{Amid escalating ecological crises, widening socio-economic inequalities, and intensifying climate change, the imperative to transform agricultural systems towards sustainability and equity has become increasingly urgent. Yet such<br/>transformation is often hindered by entrenched institutional and structural arrangements that privilege narrowly defined notions of productivity and market efficiency, thereby sidelining holistic approaches that emphasise resilience, equity, and human and ecological flourishing. Consequently, although pathways such as agroecology are gaining traction as viable alternatives, their adoption and expansion remain constrained. Against this backdrop, this thesis proceeds from the premise that realising such transformative alternatives requires confronting and disrupting the institutional, structural, and political obstacles that impede change.<br/><br/>In this thesis, I explore the potential of politicisation as a process through which dominant agricultural development practices and ideologies are reframed and contested in Uganda. Specifically, I investigate how politicisation unfolds and<br/>how it shapes the possibilities for advancing transformative agricultural alternatives, including efforts to reconfigure the institutional arrangements that structure agricultural systems. Grounded in critical realism, emancipatory social science, and social movement theory, the analysis seeks to uncover the underlying mechanisms and structural conditions that shape how social actors mobilise, exercise agency, and generate transformative social power. I examine how these actors challenge and reconfigure dominant agrarian models while navigating and negotiating political constraints, thereby illuminating the dynamic processes through which collective action and emancipatory transformation become possible.<br/><br/>The thesis comprises three interlinked articles that collectively demonstrate how, despite entrenched institutional and political barriers, change agents carve out spaces and leverage existing openings to prefigure and advocate for alternative practices and visions. These strategies are anchored in adaptive, often non-confrontational practices that balance resistance with collaboration, illustrating how change agents navigate tensions between transformative aspirations and structural constraints without relinquishing their critical stance.<br/><br/>With these findings, the thesis offers both theoretical and empirical contributions. Theoretically, it conceptualises politicisation as a mechanism that not only challenges and reframes agricultural transformation but also enables change agents to create the conditions necessary to navigate constraints while insulating themselves against co-optation and repression. Empirically, it demonstrates how political mobilisation materialises in contexts where open confrontation is restricted, showing how actors cultivate collective agency and expand the possibilities for transformative change. Overall, the thesis argues that politicisation involves both material and discursive practices through which emancipatory agricultural transformation can emerge across diverse contexts and conditions.}},
  author       = {{Byaruhanga, Ronald}},
  isbn         = {{978-91-8104-731-8}},
  keywords     = {{agricultural development; politicisation; agroecology; Food sovereignty; Smallholder farmers; sustainability science; Uganda}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{Lund University (Media-Tryck)}},
  school       = {{Lund University}},
  title        = {{Toward the Promised Land : Politicisation as a Pathway to Emancipatory Agricultural Transformation in Uganda}},
  url          = {{https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/files/230875081/e-nailing_ex_Ronald.pdf}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}