CEST, ASL, and magnetization transfer contrast : How similar pulse sequences detect different phenomena
Knutsson, Linda LU
; Xu, Jiadi
; Ahlgren, André
LU
and van Zijl, Peter C.M.
(2018)
In Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
80(4).
p.1320-1340
- Abstract
Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST), arterial spin labeling (ASL), and magnetization transfer contrast (MTC) methods generate different contrasts for MRI. However, they share many similarities in terms of pulse sequences and mechanistic principles. They all use RF pulse preparation schemes to label the longitudinal magnetization of certain proton pools and follow the delivery and transfer of this magnetic label to a water proton pool in a tissue region of interest, where it accumulates and can be detected using any imaging sequence. Due to the versatility of MRI, differences in spectral, spatial or motional selectivity of these schemes can be exploited to achieve pool specificity, such as for arterial water protons in ASL,... (More)
Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST), arterial spin labeling (ASL), and magnetization transfer contrast (MTC) methods generate different contrasts for MRI. However, they share many similarities in terms of pulse sequences and mechanistic principles. They all use RF pulse preparation schemes to label the longitudinal magnetization of certain proton pools and follow the delivery and transfer of this magnetic label to a water proton pool in a tissue region of interest, where it accumulates and can be detected using any imaging sequence. Due to the versatility of MRI, differences in spectral, spatial or motional selectivity of these schemes can be exploited to achieve pool specificity, such as for arterial water protons in ASL, protons on solute molecules in CEST, and protons on semi-solid cell structures in MTC. Timing of these sequences can be used to optimize for the rate of a particular delivery and/or exchange transfer process, for instance, between different tissue compartments (ASL) or between tissue molecules (CEST/MTC). In this review, magnetic labeling strategies for ASL and the corresponding CEST and MTC pulse sequences are compared, including continuous labeling, single-pulse labeling, and multi-pulse labeling. Insight into the similarities and differences among these techniques is important not only to comprehend the mechanisms and confounds of the contrasts they generate, but also to stimulate the development of new MRI techniques to improve these contrasts or to reduce their interference. This, in turn, should benefit many possible applications in the fields of physiological and molecular imaging and spectroscopy.
(Less)
- author
- Knutsson, Linda
LU
; Xu, Jiadi
; Ahlgren, André
LU
and van Zijl, Peter C.M.
- organization
- publishing date
- 2018-10
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- arterial spin labeling, cerebral blood flow, CEST, chemical exchange, compartmental exchange, frequency selective, immobile proton pool, magnetization transfer contrast, mobile molecules, spatially selective
- in
- Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
- volume
- 80
- issue
- 4
- pages
- 21 pages
- publisher
- John Wiley & Sons Inc.
- external identifiers
-
- scopus:85051432204
- pmid:29845640
- ISSN
- 0740-3194
- DOI
- 10.1002/mrm.27341
- project
- Natural sugar as an MRI contrast agent for cancer diagnosis
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- d5a2de00-8047-4536-b1a5-f43d36817491
- date added to LUP
- 2018-09-06 12:07:21
- date last changed
- 2024-06-10 16:49:05
@article{d5a2de00-8047-4536-b1a5-f43d36817491,
abstract = {{<p>Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST), arterial spin labeling (ASL), and magnetization transfer contrast (MTC) methods generate different contrasts for MRI. However, they share many similarities in terms of pulse sequences and mechanistic principles. They all use RF pulse preparation schemes to label the longitudinal magnetization of certain proton pools and follow the delivery and transfer of this magnetic label to a water proton pool in a tissue region of interest, where it accumulates and can be detected using any imaging sequence. Due to the versatility of MRI, differences in spectral, spatial or motional selectivity of these schemes can be exploited to achieve pool specificity, such as for arterial water protons in ASL, protons on solute molecules in CEST, and protons on semi-solid cell structures in MTC. Timing of these sequences can be used to optimize for the rate of a particular delivery and/or exchange transfer process, for instance, between different tissue compartments (ASL) or between tissue molecules (CEST/MTC). In this review, magnetic labeling strategies for ASL and the corresponding CEST and MTC pulse sequences are compared, including continuous labeling, single-pulse labeling, and multi-pulse labeling. Insight into the similarities and differences among these techniques is important not only to comprehend the mechanisms and confounds of the contrasts they generate, but also to stimulate the development of new MRI techniques to improve these contrasts or to reduce their interference. This, in turn, should benefit many possible applications in the fields of physiological and molecular imaging and spectroscopy.</p>}},
author = {{Knutsson, Linda and Xu, Jiadi and Ahlgren, André and van Zijl, Peter C.M.}},
issn = {{0740-3194}},
keywords = {{arterial spin labeling; cerebral blood flow; CEST; chemical exchange; compartmental exchange; frequency selective; immobile proton pool; magnetization transfer contrast; mobile molecules; spatially selective}},
language = {{eng}},
number = {{4}},
pages = {{1320--1340}},
publisher = {{John Wiley & Sons Inc.}},
series = {{Magnetic Resonance in Medicine}},
title = {{CEST, ASL, and magnetization transfer contrast : How similar pulse sequences detect different phenomena}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrm.27341}},
doi = {{10.1002/mrm.27341}},
volume = {{80}},
year = {{2018}},
}