Cellular and immunological mechanisms influence host-Adapted phenotypes in a vector-borne microparasite
(2022) In Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 289(1969).- Abstract
Predicting pathogen emergence and spillover risk requires understanding the determinants of a pathogens host range and the traits involved in host competence. While host competence is often considered a fixed species-specific trait, it may be variable if pathogens diversify across hosts. Balancing selection can lead to maintenance of pathogen polymorphisms (multiple-niche-polymorphism; MNP). The causative agent of Lyme disease, Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb), provides a model to study the evolution of host adaptation, as some Bb strains defined by their outer surface protein C (ospC) genotype, are widespread in white-footed mice and others are associated with non-rodent vertebrates (e.g. birds). To identify the mechanisms underlying... (More)
Predicting pathogen emergence and spillover risk requires understanding the determinants of a pathogens host range and the traits involved in host competence. While host competence is often considered a fixed species-specific trait, it may be variable if pathogens diversify across hosts. Balancing selection can lead to maintenance of pathogen polymorphisms (multiple-niche-polymorphism; MNP). The causative agent of Lyme disease, Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb), provides a model to study the evolution of host adaptation, as some Bb strains defined by their outer surface protein C (ospC) genotype, are widespread in white-footed mice and others are associated with non-rodent vertebrates (e.g. birds). To identify the mechanisms underlying potential strain × host adaptation, we infected American robins and white-footed mice, with three Bb strains of different ospC genotypes. Bb burdens varied by strain in a host-dependent fashion, and strain persistence in hosts largely corresponded to Bb survival at early infection stages and with transmission to larvae (i.e. fitness). Early survival phenotypes are associated with cell adhesion, complement evasion and/or inflammatory and antibody-mediated removal of Bb, suggesting directional selective pressure for host adaptation and the potential role of MNP in maintaining OspC diversity. Our findings will guide future investigations to inform eco-evolutionary models of host adaptation for microparasites.
(Less)
- author
- organization
- publishing date
- 2022
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- American robin, Borrelia, host adaptation, Lyme disease, white-footed mouse
- in
- Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
- volume
- 289
- issue
- 1969
- article number
- 20212087
- publisher
- Royal Society Publishing
- external identifiers
-
- scopus:85125155744
- pmid:35193398
- ISSN
- 0962-8452
- DOI
- 10.1098/rspb.2021.2087
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- d6e13a69-4293-423c-9f6c-a8f8503bc6b0
- date added to LUP
- 2022-04-27 08:40:02
- date last changed
- 2024-06-17 06:23:46
@article{d6e13a69-4293-423c-9f6c-a8f8503bc6b0, abstract = {{<p>Predicting pathogen emergence and spillover risk requires understanding the determinants of a pathogens host range and the traits involved in host competence. While host competence is often considered a fixed species-specific trait, it may be variable if pathogens diversify across hosts. Balancing selection can lead to maintenance of pathogen polymorphisms (multiple-niche-polymorphism; MNP). The causative agent of Lyme disease, Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb), provides a model to study the evolution of host adaptation, as some Bb strains defined by their outer surface protein C (ospC) genotype, are widespread in white-footed mice and others are associated with non-rodent vertebrates (e.g. birds). To identify the mechanisms underlying potential strain × host adaptation, we infected American robins and white-footed mice, with three Bb strains of different ospC genotypes. Bb burdens varied by strain in a host-dependent fashion, and strain persistence in hosts largely corresponded to Bb survival at early infection stages and with transmission to larvae (i.e. fitness). Early survival phenotypes are associated with cell adhesion, complement evasion and/or inflammatory and antibody-mediated removal of Bb, suggesting directional selective pressure for host adaptation and the potential role of MNP in maintaining OspC diversity. Our findings will guide future investigations to inform eco-evolutionary models of host adaptation for microparasites.</p>}}, author = {{Lin, Yi Pin and Tufts, Danielle M. and Combs, Matthew and Dupuis, Alan P. and Marcinkiewicz, Ashley L. and Hirsbrunner, Andrew D. and Diaz, Alexander J. and Stout, Jessica L. and Blom, Anna M. and Strle, Klemen and Davis, April D. and Kramer, Laura D. and Kolokotronis, Sergios Orestis and Diuk-Wasser, Maria A.}}, issn = {{0962-8452}}, keywords = {{American robin; Borrelia; host adaptation; Lyme disease; white-footed mouse}}, language = {{eng}}, number = {{1969}}, publisher = {{Royal Society Publishing}}, series = {{Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences}}, title = {{Cellular and immunological mechanisms influence host-Adapted phenotypes in a vector-borne microparasite}}, url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2021.2087}}, doi = {{10.1098/rspb.2021.2087}}, volume = {{289}}, year = {{2022}}, }