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Leptin levels are associated with multiple sclerosis risk

Biström, Martin ; Hultdin, Johan ; Andersen, Oluf ; Alonso-Magdalena, Lucia LU ; Jons, Daniel ; Gunnarsson, Martin ; Vrethem, Magnus and Sundström, Peter (2021) In Multiple Sclerosis Journal 27(1). p.19-27
Abstract

Background: Obesity early in life has been linked to increased risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS). Leptin and insulin are both associated with obesity, making them suitable candidates for investigating this connection. Objective: To determine if leptin and insulin are risk factors for relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Methods: In this nested case–control study using blood samples from Swedish biobanks, we compared concentrations of leptin and insulin in 649 individuals who later developed RRMS with 649 controls matched for biobank, sex, age and date of sampling. Only pre-symptomatically drawn samples from individuals below the age of 40 years were included. Conditional logistic regression was performed on z-scored... (More)

Background: Obesity early in life has been linked to increased risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS). Leptin and insulin are both associated with obesity, making them suitable candidates for investigating this connection. Objective: To determine if leptin and insulin are risk factors for relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Methods: In this nested case–control study using blood samples from Swedish biobanks, we compared concentrations of leptin and insulin in 649 individuals who later developed RRMS with 649 controls matched for biobank, sex, age and date of sampling. Only pre-symptomatically drawn samples from individuals below the age of 40 years were included. Conditional logistic regression was performed on z-scored values to calculate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: A 1-unit leptin z-score increase was associated with increased risk of MS in individuals younger than 20 years (OR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.1–1.9) and in all men (OR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.0–2.0). In contrast, for women aged 30–39 years, there was a lower risk of MS with increased leptin levels (OR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.54–1.0) when adjusting for insulin levels. Conclusion: We show that the pro-inflammatory adipokine leptin is a risk factor for MS among young individuals.

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author
; ; ; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
case–control studies, epidemiology, insulin, leptin, Multiple sclerosis, risk factors
in
Multiple Sclerosis Journal
volume
27
issue
1
pages
19 - 27
publisher
SAGE Publications
external identifiers
  • scopus:85079468283
  • pmid:32028836
ISSN
1352-4585
DOI
10.1177/1352458520905033
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
d9852df2-ad98-402f-84fc-c328babf734a
date added to LUP
2020-03-03 14:12:05
date last changed
2024-06-12 09:49:06
@article{d9852df2-ad98-402f-84fc-c328babf734a,
  abstract     = {{<p>Background: Obesity early in life has been linked to increased risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS). Leptin and insulin are both associated with obesity, making them suitable candidates for investigating this connection. Objective: To determine if leptin and insulin are risk factors for relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Methods: In this nested case–control study using blood samples from Swedish biobanks, we compared concentrations of leptin and insulin in 649 individuals who later developed RRMS with 649 controls matched for biobank, sex, age and date of sampling. Only pre-symptomatically drawn samples from individuals below the age of 40 years were included. Conditional logistic regression was performed on z-scored values to calculate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: A 1-unit leptin z-score increase was associated with increased risk of MS in individuals younger than 20 years (OR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.1–1.9) and in all men (OR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.0–2.0). In contrast, for women aged 30–39 years, there was a lower risk of MS with increased leptin levels (OR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.54–1.0) when adjusting for insulin levels. Conclusion: We show that the pro-inflammatory adipokine leptin is a risk factor for MS among young individuals.</p>}},
  author       = {{Biström, Martin and Hultdin, Johan and Andersen, Oluf and Alonso-Magdalena, Lucia and Jons, Daniel and Gunnarsson, Martin and Vrethem, Magnus and Sundström, Peter}},
  issn         = {{1352-4585}},
  keywords     = {{case–control studies; epidemiology; insulin; leptin; Multiple sclerosis; risk factors}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{1}},
  pages        = {{19--27}},
  publisher    = {{SAGE Publications}},
  series       = {{Multiple Sclerosis Journal}},
  title        = {{Leptin levels are associated with multiple sclerosis risk}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458520905033}},
  doi          = {{10.1177/1352458520905033}},
  volume       = {{27}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}