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Islet constitutive nitric oxide synthase: biochemical determination and regulatory function

Salehi, S Albert LU orcid ; Carlberg, M ; Henningson, R and Lundquist, Ingmar LU (1996) In American Journal of Physiology: Cell Physiology 270(6 Pt 1). p.1634-1641
Abstract
Recent immunohistochemical findings suggested that a constitutive nitric oxide synthase (cNOS) resides in endocrine pancreas. Here we provide direct biochemical evidence for the presence of cNOS activity in isolated islets. The regulating influence of this nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity for islet hormone release was also investigated. We observed that cNOS activity could be quantitated in islet homogenates by monitoring the formation of L-citrulline from L-arginine using an Amprep CBA cation-exhange minicolumn before derivatization with o-phthaldialdehyde and subsequent high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. The islet NOS was dependent on both Ca2+ and calmodulin and suppressed by the NOS inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine... (More)
Recent immunohistochemical findings suggested that a constitutive nitric oxide synthase (cNOS) resides in endocrine pancreas. Here we provide direct biochemical evidence for the presence of cNOS activity in isolated islets. The regulating influence of this nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity for islet hormone release was also investigated. We observed that cNOS activity could be quantitated in islet homogenates by monitoring the formation of L-citrulline from L-arginine using an Amprep CBA cation-exhange minicolumn before derivatization with o-phthaldialdehyde and subsequent high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. The islet NOS was dependent on both Ca2+ and calmodulin and suppressed by the NOS inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). This effect was enantiomerically specific. Islet insulin release induced by a mixture of L-arginine and glucose was enhanced by L-NAME, whereas L-arginine-induced glucagon release was inhibited. The effect of L-NAME on insulin release was dose dependently potentiated by increasing glucose concentrations, suggesting that glucose is an important regulator of islet NO production. Complementary in vivo studies showed similar results, i.e., the insulin secretory response to a mixture of glucose and L-arginine was extremely enhanced by pretreatment with L-NAME, whereas L-arginine-stimulated glucagon response was suppressed. Finally, in isolated islets, the intracellular nitric oxide (NO) donor hydroxylamine suppressed insulin release and increased glucagon release. In summary, the islets of Langerhans contain a constitutive, Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent isoform of NOS. Islet NO suppressed insulin but enhanced glucagon secretion. The data also suggest a negative feedback by NO on glucose-induced insulin release. The islet NO system is a novel and important regulatory factor in insulin and glucagon secretion. (Less)
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author
; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
American Journal of Physiology: Cell Physiology
volume
270
issue
6 Pt 1
pages
1634 - 1641
publisher
American Physiological Society
external identifiers
  • pmid:8764145
  • scopus:0029774721
ISSN
1522-1563
DOI
10.1152/ajpcell.1996.270.6.C1634
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
e4a703f8-a812-4533-8d5e-0b32d4a1b521 (old id 1110679)
date added to LUP
2016-04-01 16:54:05
date last changed
2022-03-15 03:44:05
@article{e4a703f8-a812-4533-8d5e-0b32d4a1b521,
  abstract     = {{Recent immunohistochemical findings suggested that a constitutive nitric oxide synthase (cNOS) resides in endocrine pancreas. Here we provide direct biochemical evidence for the presence of cNOS activity in isolated islets. The regulating influence of this nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity for islet hormone release was also investigated. We observed that cNOS activity could be quantitated in islet homogenates by monitoring the formation of L-citrulline from L-arginine using an Amprep CBA cation-exhange minicolumn before derivatization with o-phthaldialdehyde and subsequent high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. The islet NOS was dependent on both Ca2+ and calmodulin and suppressed by the NOS inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). This effect was enantiomerically specific. Islet insulin release induced by a mixture of L-arginine and glucose was enhanced by L-NAME, whereas L-arginine-induced glucagon release was inhibited. The effect of L-NAME on insulin release was dose dependently potentiated by increasing glucose concentrations, suggesting that glucose is an important regulator of islet NO production. Complementary in vivo studies showed similar results, i.e., the insulin secretory response to a mixture of glucose and L-arginine was extremely enhanced by pretreatment with L-NAME, whereas L-arginine-stimulated glucagon response was suppressed. Finally, in isolated islets, the intracellular nitric oxide (NO) donor hydroxylamine suppressed insulin release and increased glucagon release. In summary, the islets of Langerhans contain a constitutive, Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent isoform of NOS. Islet NO suppressed insulin but enhanced glucagon secretion. The data also suggest a negative feedback by NO on glucose-induced insulin release. The islet NO system is a novel and important regulatory factor in insulin and glucagon secretion.}},
  author       = {{Salehi, S Albert and Carlberg, M and Henningson, R and Lundquist, Ingmar}},
  issn         = {{1522-1563}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{6 Pt 1}},
  pages        = {{1634--1641}},
  publisher    = {{American Physiological Society}},
  series       = {{American Journal of Physiology: Cell Physiology}},
  title        = {{Islet constitutive nitric oxide synthase: biochemical determination and regulatory function}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1996.270.6.C1634}},
  doi          = {{10.1152/ajpcell.1996.270.6.C1634}},
  volume       = {{270}},
  year         = {{1996}},
}