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Meal-induced inflammation : postprandial insights from the Personalised REsponses to DIetary Composition Trial (PREDICT) study in 1000 participants

Mazidi, Mohsen ; Valdes, Ana M. ; Ordovas, Jose M. ; Hall, Wendy L. ; Pujol, Joan C. ; Wolf, Jonathan ; Hadjigeorgiou, George ; Segata, Nicola ; Sattar, Naveed and Koivula, Robert LU , et al. (2021) In The American journal of clinical nutrition 114(3). p.1028-1038
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Meal-induced metabolic changes trigger an acute inflammatory response, contributing to chronic inflammation and associated diseases. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to characterize variability in postprandial inflammatory responses using traditional (IL-6) and novel [glycoprotein acetylation (GlycA)] biomarkers of inflammation and dissect their biological determinants with a focus on postprandial glycemia and lipemia. METHODS: Postprandial (0-6 h) glucose, triglyceride (TG), IL-6, and GlycA responses were measured at multiple intervals after sequential mixed-nutrient meals (0 h and 4 h) in 1002 healthy adults aged 18-65 y from the PREDICT (Personalised REsponses to DIetary Composition Trial) 1 study, a single-arm dietary intervention... (More)

BACKGROUND: Meal-induced metabolic changes trigger an acute inflammatory response, contributing to chronic inflammation and associated diseases. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to characterize variability in postprandial inflammatory responses using traditional (IL-6) and novel [glycoprotein acetylation (GlycA)] biomarkers of inflammation and dissect their biological determinants with a focus on postprandial glycemia and lipemia. METHODS: Postprandial (0-6 h) glucose, triglyceride (TG), IL-6, and GlycA responses were measured at multiple intervals after sequential mixed-nutrient meals (0 h and 4 h) in 1002 healthy adults aged 18-65 y from the PREDICT (Personalised REsponses to DIetary Composition Trial) 1 study, a single-arm dietary intervention study. Measures of habitual diet, blood biochemistry, gut microbiome composition, and visceral fat mass (VFM) were also collected. RESULTS: The postprandial changes in GlycA and IL-6 concentrations were highly variable between individuals. Participants eliciting an increase in GlycA and IL-6 (60% and 94% of the total participants, respectively) had mean 6-h increases of 11% and 190%, respectively. Peak postprandial TG and glucose concentrations were significantly associated with 6-h GlycA (r = 0.83 and r = 0.24, respectively; both P < 0.001) but not with 6-h IL-6 (both P > 0.26). A random forest model revealed the maximum TG concentration was the strongest postprandial TG predictor of postprandial GlycA and structural equation modeling revealed that VFM and fasting TG were most strongly associated with fasting and postprandial GlycA. Network Mendelian randomization demonstrated a causal link between VFM and fasting GlycA, mediated (28%) by fasting TG. Individuals eliciting enhanced GlycA responses had higher predicted cardiovascular disease risk (using the atherosclerotic disease risk score) than the rest of the cohort. CONCLUSIONS: The variable postprandial increases in GlycA and their associations with TG metabolism highlight the importance of modulating TG in concert with obesity to reduce GlycA and associated low-grade inflammation-related diseases.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03479866.

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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
glycoprotein acetylation, inflammation, postprandial glycemia, postprandial lipemia, visceral fat mass
in
The American journal of clinical nutrition
volume
114
issue
3
pages
11 pages
publisher
Oxford University Press
external identifiers
  • pmid:34100082
  • scopus:85116958199
ISSN
1938-3207
DOI
10.1093/ajcn/nqab132
language
English
LU publication?
yes
additional info
Publisher Copyright: © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society for Nutrition.
id
e6e1a2fd-234a-4add-996c-a59204681abd
date added to LUP
2021-11-23 14:53:23
date last changed
2024-08-11 02:07:21
@article{e6e1a2fd-234a-4add-996c-a59204681abd,
  abstract     = {{<p>BACKGROUND: Meal-induced metabolic changes trigger an acute inflammatory response, contributing to chronic inflammation and associated diseases. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to characterize variability in postprandial inflammatory responses using traditional (IL-6) and novel [glycoprotein acetylation (GlycA)] biomarkers of inflammation and dissect their biological determinants with a focus on postprandial glycemia and lipemia. METHODS: Postprandial (0-6 h) glucose, triglyceride (TG), IL-6, and GlycA responses were measured at multiple intervals after sequential mixed-nutrient meals (0 h and 4 h) in 1002 healthy adults aged 18-65 y from the PREDICT (Personalised REsponses to DIetary Composition Trial) 1 study, a single-arm dietary intervention study. Measures of habitual diet, blood biochemistry, gut microbiome composition, and visceral fat mass (VFM) were also collected. RESULTS: The postprandial changes in GlycA and IL-6 concentrations were highly variable between individuals. Participants eliciting an increase in GlycA and IL-6 (60% and 94% of the total participants, respectively) had mean 6-h increases of 11% and 190%, respectively. Peak postprandial TG and glucose concentrations were significantly associated with 6-h GlycA (r = 0.83 and r = 0.24, respectively; both P &lt; 0.001) but not with 6-h IL-6 (both P &gt; 0.26). A random forest model revealed the maximum TG concentration was the strongest postprandial TG predictor of postprandial GlycA and structural equation modeling revealed that VFM and fasting TG were most strongly associated with fasting and postprandial GlycA. Network Mendelian randomization demonstrated a causal link between VFM and fasting GlycA, mediated (28%) by fasting TG. Individuals eliciting enhanced GlycA responses had higher predicted cardiovascular disease risk (using the atherosclerotic disease risk score) than the rest of the cohort. CONCLUSIONS: The variable postprandial increases in GlycA and their associations with TG metabolism highlight the importance of modulating TG in concert with obesity to reduce GlycA and associated low-grade inflammation-related diseases.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03479866.</p>}},
  author       = {{Mazidi, Mohsen and Valdes, Ana M. and Ordovas, Jose M. and Hall, Wendy L. and Pujol, Joan C. and Wolf, Jonathan and Hadjigeorgiou, George and Segata, Nicola and Sattar, Naveed and Koivula, Robert and Spector, Tim D. and Franks, Paul W. and Berry, Sarah E.}},
  issn         = {{1938-3207}},
  keywords     = {{glycoprotein acetylation; inflammation; postprandial glycemia; postprandial lipemia; visceral fat mass}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{09}},
  number       = {{3}},
  pages        = {{1028--1038}},
  publisher    = {{Oxford University Press}},
  series       = {{The American journal of clinical nutrition}},
  title        = {{Meal-induced inflammation : postprandial insights from the Personalised REsponses to DIetary Composition Trial (PREDICT) study in 1000 participants}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqab132}},
  doi          = {{10.1093/ajcn/nqab132}},
  volume       = {{114}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}