Loss of the metabolism and sleep regulating neuronal populations expressing orexin and oxytocin in the hypothalamus in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
(2021) In Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology 47(7). p.979-989- Abstract
Aims: To determine the underlying cellular changes and clinical correlates associated with pathology of the hypothalamus in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), as hypothalamic atrophy occurs in the preclinical phase of the disease. Methods: The hypothalamus was pathologically examined in nine patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in comparison to eight healthy control subjects. The severity of regional atrophy (paraventricular nucleus: PVN, fornix and total hypothalamus) and peptidergic neuronal loss (oxytocin, vasopressin, cocaine- and amphetamine-regulating transcript: CART, and orexin) was correlated with changes in eating behaviour, sleep function, cognition, behaviour and disease progression. Results: Tar DNA-binding protein... (More)
Aims: To determine the underlying cellular changes and clinical correlates associated with pathology of the hypothalamus in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), as hypothalamic atrophy occurs in the preclinical phase of the disease. Methods: The hypothalamus was pathologically examined in nine patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in comparison to eight healthy control subjects. The severity of regional atrophy (paraventricular nucleus: PVN, fornix and total hypothalamus) and peptidergic neuronal loss (oxytocin, vasopressin, cocaine- and amphetamine-regulating transcript: CART, and orexin) was correlated with changes in eating behaviour, sleep function, cognition, behaviour and disease progression. Results: Tar DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) inclusions were present in the hypothalamus of all patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. When compared to controls, there was atrophy of the hypothalamus (average 21% atrophy, p = 0.004), PVN (average 30% atrophy p = 0.014) and a loss of paraventricular oxytocin-producing neurons (average 49% loss p = 0.02) and lateral hypothalamic orexin-producing neurons (average 37% loss, significance p = 0.02). Factor analysis identified strong relationships between abnormal eating behaviour, hypothalamic atrophy and loss of orexin-producing neurons. With increasing disease progression, abnormal sleep behaviour and cognition associated with atrophy of the fornix. Conclusions: Substantial loss of hypothalamic oxytocin-producing neurons occurs in ALS, with regional atrophy and the loss of orexin neurons relating to abnormal eating behaviour in ALS. Oxytocin- and orexin neurons display TDP43 inclusions. Our study points to significant pathology in the hypothalamus that may play a key role in metabolic and pathogenic changes in ALS.
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- author
- Gabery, Sanaz LU ; Ahmed, Rebekah M. ; Caga, Jashelle ; Kiernan, Matthew C. ; Halliday, Glenda M. and Petersén, Åsa LU
- organization
- publishing date
- 2021
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, eating behaviour, frontotemporal dementia, histopathology, hypothalamus, peptidergic neurons
- in
- Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology
- volume
- 47
- issue
- 7
- pages
- 979 - 989
- publisher
- Wiley-Blackwell
- external identifiers
-
- pmid:33755993
- scopus:85104076044
- ISSN
- 0305-1846
- DOI
- 10.1111/nan.12709
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- e7ab14d9-646a-4918-8468-ca3979e66fc4
- date added to LUP
- 2021-04-21 10:53:11
- date last changed
- 2024-11-17 03:02:07
@article{e7ab14d9-646a-4918-8468-ca3979e66fc4,
abstract = {{<p>Aims: To determine the underlying cellular changes and clinical correlates associated with pathology of the hypothalamus in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), as hypothalamic atrophy occurs in the preclinical phase of the disease. Methods: The hypothalamus was pathologically examined in nine patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in comparison to eight healthy control subjects. The severity of regional atrophy (paraventricular nucleus: PVN, fornix and total hypothalamus) and peptidergic neuronal loss (oxytocin, vasopressin, cocaine- and amphetamine-regulating transcript: CART, and orexin) was correlated with changes in eating behaviour, sleep function, cognition, behaviour and disease progression. Results: Tar DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) inclusions were present in the hypothalamus of all patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. When compared to controls, there was atrophy of the hypothalamus (average 21% atrophy, p = 0.004), PVN (average 30% atrophy p = 0.014) and a loss of paraventricular oxytocin-producing neurons (average 49% loss p = 0.02) and lateral hypothalamic orexin-producing neurons (average 37% loss, significance p = 0.02). Factor analysis identified strong relationships between abnormal eating behaviour, hypothalamic atrophy and loss of orexin-producing neurons. With increasing disease progression, abnormal sleep behaviour and cognition associated with atrophy of the fornix. Conclusions: Substantial loss of hypothalamic oxytocin-producing neurons occurs in ALS, with regional atrophy and the loss of orexin neurons relating to abnormal eating behaviour in ALS. Oxytocin- and orexin neurons display TDP43 inclusions. Our study points to significant pathology in the hypothalamus that may play a key role in metabolic and pathogenic changes in ALS.</p>}},
author = {{Gabery, Sanaz and Ahmed, Rebekah M. and Caga, Jashelle and Kiernan, Matthew C. and Halliday, Glenda M. and Petersén, Åsa}},
issn = {{0305-1846}},
keywords = {{amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; eating behaviour; frontotemporal dementia; histopathology; hypothalamus; peptidergic neurons}},
language = {{eng}},
number = {{7}},
pages = {{979--989}},
publisher = {{Wiley-Blackwell}},
series = {{Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology}},
title = {{Loss of the metabolism and sleep regulating neuronal populations expressing orexin and oxytocin in the hypothalamus in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nan.12709}},
doi = {{10.1111/nan.12709}},
volume = {{47}},
year = {{2021}},
}