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Functional Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain Variants with Mutations N501Y or E484K in Human Milk from COVID-19-Vaccinated, -Recovered, and -Unvaccinated Women

Demers-Mathieu, Veronique ; Hakansson, Anders P LU orcid ; Hall, Stephanie ; Lavangnananda, Sirima ; Fels, Shawn and Medo, Elena (2022) In Breastfeeding Medicine 17(2). p.163-172
Abstract

Background: New variants are evolving in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and receptor binding domain (RBD) mutations have been associated with a higher capacity to evade neutralizing antibodies (NAbs). We aimed at determining the impact of COVID-19 vaccine and infection on human milk antibody titers and activity against the RBD mutations from SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. Materials and Methods: Milk samples were collected from 19 COVID-19 vaccinated women, 10 women who had a positive COVID-19 PCR test, and 13 unvaccinated women. The titers and NAbs of secretory IgA (SIgA)/IgA, secretory IgM (IgM)/IgM, and IgG against SARS-CoV-2 RBD with mutations N501Y or E484K were measured by using ELISA and a surrogate... (More)

Background: New variants are evolving in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and receptor binding domain (RBD) mutations have been associated with a higher capacity to evade neutralizing antibodies (NAbs). We aimed at determining the impact of COVID-19 vaccine and infection on human milk antibody titers and activity against the RBD mutations from SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. Materials and Methods: Milk samples were collected from 19 COVID-19 vaccinated women, 10 women who had a positive COVID-19 PCR test, and 13 unvaccinated women. The titers and NAbs of secretory IgA (SIgA)/IgA, secretory IgM (IgM)/IgM, and IgG against SARS-CoV-2 RBD with mutations N501Y or E484K were measured by using ELISA and a surrogate virus neutralization assay. Results: The titers of human milk IgG against N501Y were higher in the COVID-19 vaccine group than in the no-vaccine group but comparable with the COVID-19 PCR group. Other antibody titers did not differ between the three groups. The titers of SIgA/IgA were higher than those of SIgM/IgM and IgG in all three groups. The titers of SIgM/IgM and the inhibition of NAbs were higher against the mutation E484K than N501Y. Milk NAb did not differ between the three groups, but the inhibition of NAb against binding of the two mutant RBD proteins to their receptor was higher in the COVID-19 vaccine and PCR groups than in milk from prepandemic women. Conclusions: COVID-19 vaccination and exposure of mothers to SARS-CoV-2 influenced the titers and NAbs in breast milk against the variants of concern.

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author
; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, breastfeeding, human milk, antibody
in
Breastfeeding Medicine
volume
17
issue
2
pages
163 - 172
publisher
Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.
external identifiers
  • pmid:34809492
  • scopus:85124635219
ISSN
1556-8253
DOI
10.1089/bfm.2021.0232
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
e8d2926a-21cd-401f-91df-9780b20bf4cd
date added to LUP
2021-11-25 09:56:39
date last changed
2024-06-18 15:39:18
@article{e8d2926a-21cd-401f-91df-9780b20bf4cd,
  abstract     = {{<p>Background: New variants are evolving in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and receptor binding domain (RBD) mutations have been associated with a higher capacity to evade neutralizing antibodies (NAbs). We aimed at determining the impact of COVID-19 vaccine and infection on human milk antibody titers and activity against the RBD mutations from SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. Materials and Methods: Milk samples were collected from 19 COVID-19 vaccinated women, 10 women who had a positive COVID-19 PCR test, and 13 unvaccinated women. The titers and NAbs of secretory IgA (SIgA)/IgA, secretory IgM (IgM)/IgM, and IgG against SARS-CoV-2 RBD with mutations N501Y or E484K were measured by using ELISA and a surrogate virus neutralization assay. Results: The titers of human milk IgG against N501Y were higher in the COVID-19 vaccine group than in the no-vaccine group but comparable with the COVID-19 PCR group. Other antibody titers did not differ between the three groups. The titers of SIgA/IgA were higher than those of SIgM/IgM and IgG in all three groups. The titers of SIgM/IgM and the inhibition of NAbs were higher against the mutation E484K than N501Y. Milk NAb did not differ between the three groups, but the inhibition of NAb against binding of the two mutant RBD proteins to their receptor was higher in the COVID-19 vaccine and PCR groups than in milk from prepandemic women. Conclusions: COVID-19 vaccination and exposure of mothers to SARS-CoV-2 influenced the titers and NAbs in breast milk against the variants of concern.</p>}},
  author       = {{Demers-Mathieu, Veronique and Hakansson, Anders P and Hall, Stephanie and Lavangnananda, Sirima and Fels, Shawn and Medo, Elena}},
  issn         = {{1556-8253}},
  keywords     = {{SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; breastfeeding; human milk; antibody}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{2}},
  pages        = {{163--172}},
  publisher    = {{Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.}},
  series       = {{Breastfeeding Medicine}},
  title        = {{Functional Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain Variants with Mutations N501Y or E484K in Human Milk from COVID-19-Vaccinated, -Recovered, and -Unvaccinated Women}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/bfm.2021.0232}},
  doi          = {{10.1089/bfm.2021.0232}},
  volume       = {{17}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}