Assessing the quality of water used for vegetable irrigation in Tamale Metropolis, Ghana
(2021) In Scientific Reports 11(1).- Abstract
This paper assesses water quality that is used for vegetable irrigation in Tamale Metropolis, Ghana. A mixed-method of research design was employed in this study to collect and analyze the data based on survey instruments. The paper found that Escherichia coli (E. coli) that is usually used as an indicator of water contamination and heavy metals exist in all taken water samples. The mean concentrations of nutrients such as ammonia, nitrate, nitrite and phosphate were recorded as 0.022 mg/l to 5.98 mg/l for ammonia, 1.06 mg/l to 7.52 mg/l for nitrate, 0.031 mg/l to 0.056 mg/l for nitrate and 0.037 mg/l to 0.069 mg/l for phosphate. E. coli and Total Coliforms levels for Sanghani, Kamina and Waterworks from the laboratory analysis were... (More)
This paper assesses water quality that is used for vegetable irrigation in Tamale Metropolis, Ghana. A mixed-method of research design was employed in this study to collect and analyze the data based on survey instruments. The paper found that Escherichia coli (E. coli) that is usually used as an indicator of water contamination and heavy metals exist in all taken water samples. The mean concentrations of nutrients such as ammonia, nitrate, nitrite and phosphate were recorded as 0.022 mg/l to 5.98 mg/l for ammonia, 1.06 mg/l to 7.52 mg/l for nitrate, 0.031 mg/l to 0.056 mg/l for nitrate and 0.037 mg/l to 0.069 mg/l for phosphate. E. coli and Total Coliforms levels for Sanghani, Kamina and Waterworks from the laboratory analysis were recorded as 3.2 × 103 CFU 100 m/l and 5.5 × 102 CFU 100 m/l, 4.0 × 103 CFU 100 m/l and 1 × 102 CFU 100 m/l, and 2.1 × 103 CFU 100 m/l and 4.6 × 102 CFU 100 m/l respectively. To conclude, based on the measured parameters, water used for irrigation in the Tamale Metropolitan is polluted and may cause potential health risks. Therefore, farmers, traders and consumers need to apply further safety measures to make the vegetables safe.
(Less)
- author
- Abdallah, Clement Kamil and Mourad, Khaldoon A. LU
- organization
- publishing date
- 2021
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- in
- Scientific Reports
- volume
- 11
- issue
- 1
- article number
- 5314
- publisher
- Nature Publishing Group
- external identifiers
-
- pmid:33674683
- scopus:85102209460
- ISSN
- 2045-2322
- DOI
- 10.1038/s41598-021-84617-8
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- e9ecc7e1-ad38-4895-ab56-8b15d68054f8
- date added to LUP
- 2021-03-16 10:22:56
- date last changed
- 2024-06-27 10:18:22
@article{e9ecc7e1-ad38-4895-ab56-8b15d68054f8,
abstract = {{<p>This paper assesses water quality that is used for vegetable irrigation in Tamale Metropolis, Ghana. A mixed-method of research design was employed in this study to collect and analyze the data based on survey instruments. The paper found that Escherichia coli (E. coli) that is usually used as an indicator of water contamination and heavy metals exist in all taken water samples. The mean concentrations of nutrients such as ammonia, nitrate, nitrite and phosphate were recorded as 0.022 mg/l to 5.98 mg/l for ammonia, 1.06 mg/l to 7.52 mg/l for nitrate, 0.031 mg/l to 0.056 mg/l for nitrate and 0.037 mg/l to 0.069 mg/l for phosphate. E. coli and Total Coliforms levels for Sanghani, Kamina and Waterworks from the laboratory analysis were recorded as 3.2 × 10<sup>3</sup> CFU 100 m/l and 5.5 × 10<sup>2</sup> CFU 100 m/l, 4.0 × 10<sup>3</sup> CFU 100 m/l and 1 × 10<sup>2</sup> CFU 100 m/l, and 2.1 × 10<sup>3</sup> CFU 100 m/l and 4.6 × 10<sup>2</sup> CFU 100 m/l respectively. To conclude, based on the measured parameters, water used for irrigation in the Tamale Metropolitan is polluted and may cause potential health risks. Therefore, farmers, traders and consumers need to apply further safety measures to make the vegetables safe.</p>}},
author = {{Abdallah, Clement Kamil and Mourad, Khaldoon A.}},
issn = {{2045-2322}},
language = {{eng}},
number = {{1}},
publisher = {{Nature Publishing Group}},
series = {{Scientific Reports}},
title = {{Assessing the quality of water used for vegetable irrigation in Tamale Metropolis, Ghana}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-84617-8}},
doi = {{10.1038/s41598-021-84617-8}},
volume = {{11}},
year = {{2021}},
}