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From Graphene Nanoribbons on Cu(111) to Nanographene on Cu(110): Critical Role of Substrate Structure in the Bottom-Up Fabrication Strategy.

Simonov, Konstantin LU ; Vinogradov, Nikolay LU orcid ; Vinogradov, Alexander S ; Generalov, Alexander LU ; Zagrebina, Elena M ; Svirskiy, Gleb I ; Cafolla, Attilio A ; Carpy, Thomas ; Cunniffe, John P and Taketsugu, Tetsuya , et al. (2015) In ACS Nano 9(9). p.8997-9011
Abstract
Bottom-up strategies can be effectively implemented for the fabrication of atomically precise graphene nanoribbons. Recently, using 10,10'-dibromo-9,9'-bianthracene (DBBA) as a molecular precursor to grow armchair nanoribbons on Au(111) and Cu(111), we have shown that substrate activity considerably affects the dynamics of ribbon formation, nonetheless without significant modifications in the growth mechanism. In this paper we compare the on-surface reaction pathways for DBBA molecules on Cu(111) and Cu(110). Evolution of both systems has been studied via a combination of core-level X-ray spectroscopies, scanning tunneling microscopy, and theoretical calculations. Experimental and theoretical results reveal a significant increase in... (More)
Bottom-up strategies can be effectively implemented for the fabrication of atomically precise graphene nanoribbons. Recently, using 10,10'-dibromo-9,9'-bianthracene (DBBA) as a molecular precursor to grow armchair nanoribbons on Au(111) and Cu(111), we have shown that substrate activity considerably affects the dynamics of ribbon formation, nonetheless without significant modifications in the growth mechanism. In this paper we compare the on-surface reaction pathways for DBBA molecules on Cu(111) and Cu(110). Evolution of both systems has been studied via a combination of core-level X-ray spectroscopies, scanning tunneling microscopy, and theoretical calculations. Experimental and theoretical results reveal a significant increase in reactivity for the open and anisotropic Cu(110) surface in comparison with the close-packed Cu(111). This increased reactivity results in a predominance of the molecular-substrate interaction over the intermolecular one, which has a critical impact on the transformations of DBBA on Cu(110). Unlike DBBA on Cu(111), the Ullmann coupling cannot be realized for DBBA/Cu(110) and the growth of nanoribbons via this mechanism is blocked. Instead, annealing of DBBA on Cu(110) at 250 °C results in the formation of a new structure: quasi-zero-dimensional flat nanographenes. Each nanographene unit has dehydrogenated zigzag edges bonded to the underlying Cu rows and oriented with the hydrogen-terminated armchair edge parallel to the [1-10] direction. Strong bonding of nanographene to the substrate manifests itself in a high adsorption energy of -12.7 eV and significant charge transfer of 3.46e from the copper surface. Nanographene units coordinated with bromine adatoms are able to arrange in highly regular arrays potentially suitable for nanotemplating. (Less)
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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
ACS Nano
volume
9
issue
9
pages
8997 - 9011
publisher
The American Chemical Society (ACS)
external identifiers
  • pmid:26301684
  • wos:000361935800037
  • scopus:84942357994
  • pmid:26301684
ISSN
1936-086X
DOI
10.1021/acsnano.5b03280
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
ecebb7b4-3410-4f8a-bb5d-b3abb3bf7de4 (old id 7835137)
date added to LUP
2016-04-01 10:30:47
date last changed
2022-02-17 18:46:53
@article{ecebb7b4-3410-4f8a-bb5d-b3abb3bf7de4,
  abstract     = {{Bottom-up strategies can be effectively implemented for the fabrication of atomically precise graphene nanoribbons. Recently, using 10,10'-dibromo-9,9'-bianthracene (DBBA) as a molecular precursor to grow armchair nanoribbons on Au(111) and Cu(111), we have shown that substrate activity considerably affects the dynamics of ribbon formation, nonetheless without significant modifications in the growth mechanism. In this paper we compare the on-surface reaction pathways for DBBA molecules on Cu(111) and Cu(110). Evolution of both systems has been studied via a combination of core-level X-ray spectroscopies, scanning tunneling microscopy, and theoretical calculations. Experimental and theoretical results reveal a significant increase in reactivity for the open and anisotropic Cu(110) surface in comparison with the close-packed Cu(111). This increased reactivity results in a predominance of the molecular-substrate interaction over the intermolecular one, which has a critical impact on the transformations of DBBA on Cu(110). Unlike DBBA on Cu(111), the Ullmann coupling cannot be realized for DBBA/Cu(110) and the growth of nanoribbons via this mechanism is blocked. Instead, annealing of DBBA on Cu(110) at 250 °C results in the formation of a new structure: quasi-zero-dimensional flat nanographenes. Each nanographene unit has dehydrogenated zigzag edges bonded to the underlying Cu rows and oriented with the hydrogen-terminated armchair edge parallel to the [1-10] direction. Strong bonding of nanographene to the substrate manifests itself in a high adsorption energy of -12.7 eV and significant charge transfer of 3.46e from the copper surface. Nanographene units coordinated with bromine adatoms are able to arrange in highly regular arrays potentially suitable for nanotemplating.}},
  author       = {{Simonov, Konstantin and Vinogradov, Nikolay and Vinogradov, Alexander S and Generalov, Alexander and Zagrebina, Elena M and Svirskiy, Gleb I and Cafolla, Attilio A and Carpy, Thomas and Cunniffe, John P and Taketsugu, Tetsuya and Lyalin, Andrey and Mårtensson, Nils and Preobrajenski, Alexei}},
  issn         = {{1936-086X}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{9}},
  pages        = {{8997--9011}},
  publisher    = {{The American Chemical Society (ACS)}},
  series       = {{ACS Nano}},
  title        = {{From Graphene Nanoribbons on Cu(111) to Nanographene on Cu(110): Critical Role of Substrate Structure in the Bottom-Up Fabrication Strategy.}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5b03280}},
  doi          = {{10.1021/acsnano.5b03280}},
  volume       = {{9}},
  year         = {{2015}},
}