The development of spasticity with age in 4,162 children with cerebral palsy : a register-based prospective cohort study
(2019) In Acta Orthopaedica 90(3). p.286-291- Abstract
Background and purpose — Spasticity is often regarded as a major cause of functional limitation in children with cerebral palsy (CP). We analyzed the spasticity development with age in the gastrosoleus muscle in children with CP. Children and methods — This is a longitudinal cohort study of 4,162 children (57% boys) with CP born in 1990–2015, monitored using standardized follow-up examinations in the Swedish surveillance program for CP. The study is based on 57,953 measurements of spasticity of the gastrosoleus muscle assessed using the Ashworth scale (AS) in participants between 0 and 15 years of age. The spasticity was analyzed in relation to age, sex, and Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels using a linear mixed... (More)
Background and purpose — Spasticity is often regarded as a major cause of functional limitation in children with cerebral palsy (CP). We analyzed the spasticity development with age in the gastrosoleus muscle in children with CP. Children and methods — This is a longitudinal cohort study of 4,162 children (57% boys) with CP born in 1990–2015, monitored using standardized follow-up examinations in the Swedish surveillance program for CP. The study is based on 57,953 measurements of spasticity of the gastrosoleus muscle assessed using the Ashworth scale (AS) in participants between 0 and 15 years of age. The spasticity was analyzed in relation to age, sex, and Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels using a linear mixed model. Development of spasticity with age was modeled as a linear spline. Results — The degree of spasticity increased in most children over the first 5 years of life. At 5 years of age, 38% had an AS level of ≥ 2. The spasticity then decreased for 65% of the children during the remaining study period. At 15 years of age only 22% had AS ≥ 2. The level of spasticity and the rate of increase and decrease before and after 5.5 years of age were higher in children at GMFCS IV–V. Interpretation — The degree of spasticity of the gastrosoleus muscle often decreases after 5 years of age, which is important for long-term treatment planning and should be considered in spasticity management.
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- author
- Lindén, Olof LU ; Hägglund, Gunnar LU ; Rodby-Bousquet, Elisabet LU and Wagner, Philippe LU
- organization
- publishing date
- 2019-03-25
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- in
- Acta Orthopaedica
- volume
- 90
- issue
- 3
- pages
- 286 - 291
- publisher
- Taylor & Francis
- external identifiers
-
- scopus:85063452377
- pmid:30907682
- ISSN
- 1745-3674
- DOI
- 10.1080/17453674.2019.1590769
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- edd2c031-510c-47b7-8d67-a58972366fc7
- date added to LUP
- 2019-04-08 14:26:49
- date last changed
- 2024-06-11 08:05:06
@article{edd2c031-510c-47b7-8d67-a58972366fc7,
abstract = {{<p>Background and purpose — Spasticity is often regarded as a major cause of functional limitation in children with cerebral palsy (CP). We analyzed the spasticity development with age in the gastrosoleus muscle in children with CP. Children and methods — This is a longitudinal cohort study of 4,162 children (57% boys) with CP born in 1990–2015, monitored using standardized follow-up examinations in the Swedish surveillance program for CP. The study is based on 57,953 measurements of spasticity of the gastrosoleus muscle assessed using the Ashworth scale (AS) in participants between 0 and 15 years of age. The spasticity was analyzed in relation to age, sex, and Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels using a linear mixed model. Development of spasticity with age was modeled as a linear spline. Results — The degree of spasticity increased in most children over the first 5 years of life. At 5 years of age, 38% had an AS level of ≥ 2. The spasticity then decreased for 65% of the children during the remaining study period. At 15 years of age only 22% had AS ≥ 2. The level of spasticity and the rate of increase and decrease before and after 5.5 years of age were higher in children at GMFCS IV–V. Interpretation — The degree of spasticity of the gastrosoleus muscle often decreases after 5 years of age, which is important for long-term treatment planning and should be considered in spasticity management.</p>}},
author = {{Lindén, Olof and Hägglund, Gunnar and Rodby-Bousquet, Elisabet and Wagner, Philippe}},
issn = {{1745-3674}},
language = {{eng}},
month = {{03}},
number = {{3}},
pages = {{286--291}},
publisher = {{Taylor & Francis}},
series = {{Acta Orthopaedica}},
title = {{The development of spasticity with age in 4,162 children with cerebral palsy : a register-based prospective cohort study}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17453674.2019.1590769}},
doi = {{10.1080/17453674.2019.1590769}},
volume = {{90}},
year = {{2019}},
}