Catalytic hydrodeoxygenation of black soldier fly larval lipids and co-processing with vacuum gas oil into biofuel intermediates
(2025) In Sustainable Energy and Fuels- Abstract
The aviation industry's decarbonization requires sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) feedstocks that do not compete with food resources. In this context, black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) lipids represent a non-food, second-generation feedstock with strong potential for drop-in SAF production. This work presents an integrated evaluation of BSFL-derived lipids hydroprocessed over a commercial Ce/La-doped NiMo/Al2O3 catalyst across batch, continuous, and co-processing modes. In batch hydrodeoxygenation (HDO), oxygen was consistently reduced to below the analytical limit of detection, with oil yields averaging 66.3 wt% and reaching a maximum of 72.2 wt%. Maximum kerosene- and diesel-range yields were 37.8 wt% and 29.0 wt%,... (More)
The aviation industry's decarbonization requires sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) feedstocks that do not compete with food resources. In this context, black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) lipids represent a non-food, second-generation feedstock with strong potential for drop-in SAF production. This work presents an integrated evaluation of BSFL-derived lipids hydroprocessed over a commercial Ce/La-doped NiMo/Al2O3 catalyst across batch, continuous, and co-processing modes. In batch hydrodeoxygenation (HDO), oxygen was consistently reduced to below the analytical limit of detection, with oil yields averaging 66.3 wt% and reaching a maximum of 72.2 wt%. Maximum kerosene- and diesel-range yields were 37.8 wt% and 29.0 wt%, respectively. Pressure was the dominant factor affecting yields, with temperature–pressure interactions being most significant, while stirring improved performance under mass-transfer-limited conditions. Continuous fixed-bed HDO runs showed that efficient catalyst wetting was achieved at LHSV 0.5 h−1 and H2/oil ≥800 mL mL−1, conditions under which selectivity shifted toward HDO rather than decarboxylation/decarbonylation (deCOx). Co-processing BSFL lipids with vacuum gas oil enhanced hydrogen availability, promoted HDO over deCOx pathways, and yielded high kerosene- and diesel-range fractions, demonstrating the potential for integration of insect-derived lipids into existing refinery infrastructure.
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- author
- Selimi, Jon
LU
; Kristensen, Tove A.
LU
; Qureshi, Ziyauddin S.
; Hulteberg, Christian P.
LU
and Abdelaziz, Omar Y.
LU
- organization
- publishing date
- 2025
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- epub
- subject
- in
- Sustainable Energy and Fuels
- publisher
- Royal Society of Chemistry
- external identifiers
-
- scopus:105024796883
- ISSN
- 2398-4902
- DOI
- 10.1039/d5se01232e
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- additional info
- Publisher Copyright: This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2026
- id
- eff7ef67-7548-4908-91ae-758c82dd95f4
- date added to LUP
- 2026-01-04 11:52:33
- date last changed
- 2026-01-08 10:29:41
@article{eff7ef67-7548-4908-91ae-758c82dd95f4,
abstract = {{<p>The aviation industry's decarbonization requires sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) feedstocks that do not compete with food resources. In this context, black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) lipids represent a non-food, second-generation feedstock with strong potential for drop-in SAF production. This work presents an integrated evaluation of BSFL-derived lipids hydroprocessed over a commercial Ce/La-doped NiMo/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> catalyst across batch, continuous, and co-processing modes. In batch hydrodeoxygenation (HDO), oxygen was consistently reduced to below the analytical limit of detection, with oil yields averaging 66.3 wt% and reaching a maximum of 72.2 wt%. Maximum kerosene- and diesel-range yields were 37.8 wt% and 29.0 wt%, respectively. Pressure was the dominant factor affecting yields, with temperature–pressure interactions being most significant, while stirring improved performance under mass-transfer-limited conditions. Continuous fixed-bed HDO runs showed that efficient catalyst wetting was achieved at LHSV 0.5 h<sup>−1</sup> and H<sub>2</sub>/oil ≥800 mL mL<sup>−1</sup>, conditions under which selectivity shifted toward HDO rather than decarboxylation/decarbonylation (deCO<sub>x</sub>). Co-processing BSFL lipids with vacuum gas oil enhanced hydrogen availability, promoted HDO over deCO<sub>x</sub> pathways, and yielded high kerosene- and diesel-range fractions, demonstrating the potential for integration of insect-derived lipids into existing refinery infrastructure.</p>}},
author = {{Selimi, Jon and Kristensen, Tove A. and Qureshi, Ziyauddin S. and Hulteberg, Christian P. and Abdelaziz, Omar Y.}},
issn = {{2398-4902}},
language = {{eng}},
publisher = {{Royal Society of Chemistry}},
series = {{Sustainable Energy and Fuels}},
title = {{Catalytic hydrodeoxygenation of black soldier fly larval lipids and co-processing with vacuum gas oil into biofuel intermediates}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d5se01232e}},
doi = {{10.1039/d5se01232e}},
year = {{2025}},
}