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Immunomodulating Enzymes from Streptococcus pyogenes-In Pathogenesis, as Biotechnological Tools, and as Biological Drugs

Happonen, Lotta LU and Collin, Mattias LU orcid (2024) In Microorganisms 12(1).
Abstract


Streptococcus pyogenes, or Group A
Streptococcus, is an exclusively human pathogen that causes a wide variety of diseases ranging from mild throat and skin infections to severe invasive disease. The pathogenesis of
S. pyogenes infection has been extensively studied, but the pathophysiology, especially of the more severe infections, is still somewhat elusive. One key feature of
S. pyogenes is the expression of secreted, surface-associated, and intracellular enzymes that directly or indirectly affect both the innate and adaptive host immune systems. Undoubtedly,
S. pyogenes is one of the major bacterial sources for immunomodulating enzymes. Major targets for these enzymes are immunoglobulins that are destroyed... (More)


Streptococcus pyogenes, or Group A
Streptococcus, is an exclusively human pathogen that causes a wide variety of diseases ranging from mild throat and skin infections to severe invasive disease. The pathogenesis of
S. pyogenes infection has been extensively studied, but the pathophysiology, especially of the more severe infections, is still somewhat elusive. One key feature of
S. pyogenes is the expression of secreted, surface-associated, and intracellular enzymes that directly or indirectly affect both the innate and adaptive host immune systems. Undoubtedly,
S. pyogenes is one of the major bacterial sources for immunomodulating enzymes. Major targets for these enzymes are immunoglobulins that are destroyed or modified through proteolysis or glycan hydrolysis. Furthermore, several enzymes degrade components of the complement system and a group of DNAses degrade host DNA in neutrophil extracellular traps. Additional types of enzymes interfere with cellular inflammatory and innate immunity responses. In this review, we attempt to give a broad overview of the functions of these enzymes and their roles in pathogenesis. For those enzymes where experimentally determined structures exist, the structural aspects of the enzymatic activity are further discussed. Lastly, we also discuss the emerging use of some of the enzymes as biotechnological tools as well as biological drugs and vaccines.

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author
and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
Microorganisms
volume
12
issue
1
article number
200
publisher
MDPI AG
external identifiers
  • scopus:85183134122
  • pmid:38258026
ISSN
2076-2607
DOI
10.3390/microorganisms12010200
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
f40dc4cb-aa6d-4cd5-9fb1-e36095c7fd04
date added to LUP
2024-01-25 09:34:55
date last changed
2024-04-26 03:00:10
@article{f40dc4cb-aa6d-4cd5-9fb1-e36095c7fd04,
  abstract     = {{<p><br>
 Streptococcus pyogenes, or Group A <br>
 Streptococcus, is an exclusively human pathogen that causes a wide variety of diseases ranging from mild throat and skin infections to severe invasive disease. The pathogenesis of<br>
 S. pyogenes infection has been extensively studied, but the pathophysiology, especially of the more severe infections, is still somewhat elusive. One key feature of <br>
 S. pyogenes is the expression of secreted, surface-associated, and intracellular enzymes that directly or indirectly affect both the innate and adaptive host immune systems. Undoubtedly, <br>
 S. pyogenes is one of the major bacterial sources for immunomodulating enzymes. Major targets for these enzymes are immunoglobulins that are destroyed or modified through proteolysis or glycan hydrolysis. Furthermore, several enzymes degrade components of the complement system and a group of DNAses degrade host DNA in neutrophil extracellular traps. Additional types of enzymes interfere with cellular inflammatory and innate immunity responses. In this review, we attempt to give a broad overview of the functions of these enzymes and their roles in pathogenesis. For those enzymes where experimentally determined structures exist, the structural aspects of the enzymatic activity are further discussed. Lastly, we also discuss the emerging use of some of the enzymes as biotechnological tools as well as biological drugs and vaccines.<br>
 </p>}},
  author       = {{Happonen, Lotta and Collin, Mattias}},
  issn         = {{2076-2607}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{01}},
  number       = {{1}},
  publisher    = {{MDPI AG}},
  series       = {{Microorganisms}},
  title        = {{Immunomodulating Enzymes from Streptococcus pyogenes-In Pathogenesis, as Biotechnological Tools, and as Biological Drugs}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12010200}},
  doi          = {{10.3390/microorganisms12010200}},
  volume       = {{12}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}