Between Malthus and the industrial take‐off: regional inequality in Sweden, 1571–1850
Enflo, Kerstin LU
and Missiaia, Anna
LU
(2020)
In Economic History Review
73(2).
p.431-454
- Abstract
- The causes and extent of regional inequality in the process of economic growth are at the core of historical economic research. So far, much attention has been devoted to studying the role of industrialization in driving regional divergence. However, empirical studies on relatively unequal countries such as Italy and Spain show that inequality was already high at the outset of modern industrialization. Using new estimates of Swedish regional GDP, this article looks for the first time at regional inequality in a pre‐industrial European economy. Its findings show that inequality increased dramatically between 1571 and 1750 and stayed high until the mid‐nineteenth century. This result refutes the classical view that the industrial take‐off... (More)
- The causes and extent of regional inequality in the process of economic growth are at the core of historical economic research. So far, much attention has been devoted to studying the role of industrialization in driving regional divergence. However, empirical studies on relatively unequal countries such as Italy and Spain show that inequality was already high at the outset of modern industrialization. Using new estimates of Swedish regional GDP, this article looks for the first time at regional inequality in a pre‐industrial European economy. Its findings show that inequality increased dramatically between 1571 and 1750 and stayed high until the mid‐nineteenth century. This result refutes the classical view that the industrial take‐off was the main driver of regional divergence. Decomposing the Theil index for GDP per worker, we find that the bulk of inequality from 1750 onwards was driven by structural differences across sectors rather than different regional productivity within sectors. We show that counties with higher agricultural productivity followed a classic Malthusian pattern when experiencing technological advancement, while those with higher industrial productivity did not. We suggest that institutional factors, such as the creation of the Swedish Empire, Stockholm's trading rights, and a protective industrial policy, amplified this exceptional pattern. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/f5bd19f1-5b02-4009-a271-a99f32228fdf
- author
- Enflo, Kerstin
LU
and Missiaia, Anna
LU
- organization
- publishing date
- 2020
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- in
- Economic History Review
- volume
- 73
- issue
- 2
- pages
- 24 pages
- publisher
- Wiley-Blackwell
- external identifiers
-
- scopus:85073954557
- ISSN
- 1468-0289
- DOI
- 10.1111/ehr.12910
- project
- Trade, market and regional development in pre-industrial Sweden (1750-1850)
- The evolution regional economies in the Nordic region – A long run approach
- Swedish Historical Regional Accounts 1571–2010
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- f5bd19f1-5b02-4009-a271-a99f32228fdf
- date added to LUP
- 2019-09-23 09:33:33
- date last changed
- 2022-05-11 21:46:18
@article{f5bd19f1-5b02-4009-a271-a99f32228fdf,
abstract = {{The causes and extent of regional inequality in the process of economic growth are at the core of historical economic research. So far, much attention has been devoted to studying the role of industrialization in driving regional divergence. However, empirical studies on relatively unequal countries such as Italy and Spain show that inequality was already high at the outset of modern industrialization. Using new estimates of Swedish regional GDP, this article looks for the first time at regional inequality in a pre‐industrial European economy. Its findings show that inequality increased dramatically between 1571 and 1750 and stayed high until the mid‐nineteenth century. This result refutes the classical view that the industrial take‐off was the main driver of regional divergence. Decomposing the Theil index for GDP per worker, we find that the bulk of inequality from 1750 onwards was driven by structural differences across sectors rather than different regional productivity within sectors. We show that counties with higher agricultural productivity followed a classic Malthusian pattern when experiencing technological advancement, while those with higher industrial productivity did not. We suggest that institutional factors, such as the creation of the Swedish Empire, Stockholm's trading rights, and a protective industrial policy, amplified this exceptional pattern.}},
author = {{Enflo, Kerstin and Missiaia, Anna}},
issn = {{1468-0289}},
language = {{eng}},
number = {{2}},
pages = {{431--454}},
publisher = {{Wiley-Blackwell}},
series = {{Economic History Review}},
title = {{Between Malthus and the industrial take‐off: regional inequality in Sweden, 1571–1850}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ehr.12910}},
doi = {{10.1111/ehr.12910}},
volume = {{73}},
year = {{2020}},
}