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An experimental and theoretical investigation on Ti-5553/WC–Co(6%) chemical interactions during machining and in diffusion couples

Graves, Alex ; Salmasi, Armin ; Graham, Simon J. ; Wan, Wei ; Xiao, Changhong ; Jackson, Martin ; Larsson, Henrik and Norgren, Susanne LU (2023) In Wear 516-517.
Abstract

Chemical interactions that drive crater wear in turning are often studied using diffusion couples where the tool and workpiece are fixed. In contrast, in actual turning, there is a constant supply of new workpiece material at the tool-chip interface. In this work, diffusion simulations of a WC–Co(6%) and Ti–5Al–5V system were conducted, with constant replenishment of titanium at the interface (open system) and a fixed amount of material (closed system). The simulations showed that the formation of W(bcc), η-phase, and TiC is dependent on the activity of C and the permeability of Co and C in titanium. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy-based techniques were used to analyse a Ti–5Al–5V–5Mo–3Cr and WC–Co(6%) diffusion couple and... (More)

Chemical interactions that drive crater wear in turning are often studied using diffusion couples where the tool and workpiece are fixed. In contrast, in actual turning, there is a constant supply of new workpiece material at the tool-chip interface. In this work, diffusion simulations of a WC–Co(6%) and Ti–5Al–5V system were conducted, with constant replenishment of titanium at the interface (open system) and a fixed amount of material (closed system). The simulations showed that the formation of W(bcc), η-phase, and TiC is dependent on the activity of C and the permeability of Co and C in titanium. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy-based techniques were used to analyse a Ti–5Al–5V–5Mo–3Cr and WC–Co(6%) diffusion couple and a worn WC–Co(6%) insert. The sequence of phases in the closed system simulation was similar to that observed in the diffusion couple. The open system simulation indicated that W(bcc) can form at WC–WC boundaries (where Co is low) within the subsurface of a WC–Co(6%) that has adhered titanium, and at the WC/Ti interface. Additionally, high densities of stacking faults and dislocations were found within subsurface WC grains, indicating a significant reduction of the tool's integrity.

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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
TEM, Thermodynamic simulation, Titanium, Tool wear, Turning, WC–Co
in
Wear
volume
516-517
article number
204604
publisher
Elsevier
external identifiers
  • scopus:85146002064
ISSN
0043-1648
DOI
10.1016/j.wear.2022.204604
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
f5d10578-da9f-47b6-9fd1-8e942596cb68
date added to LUP
2023-02-16 15:34:10
date last changed
2023-02-16 15:34:10
@article{f5d10578-da9f-47b6-9fd1-8e942596cb68,
  abstract     = {{<p>Chemical interactions that drive crater wear in turning are often studied using diffusion couples where the tool and workpiece are fixed. In contrast, in actual turning, there is a constant supply of new workpiece material at the tool-chip interface. In this work, diffusion simulations of a WC–Co(6%) and Ti–5Al–5V system were conducted, with constant replenishment of titanium at the interface (open system) and a fixed amount of material (closed system). The simulations showed that the formation of W(bcc), η-phase, and TiC is dependent on the activity of C and the permeability of Co and C in titanium. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy-based techniques were used to analyse a Ti–5Al–5V–5Mo–3Cr and WC–Co(6%) diffusion couple and a worn WC–Co(6%) insert. The sequence of phases in the closed system simulation was similar to that observed in the diffusion couple. The open system simulation indicated that W(bcc) can form at WC–WC boundaries (where Co is low) within the subsurface of a WC–Co(6%) that has adhered titanium, and at the WC/Ti interface. Additionally, high densities of stacking faults and dislocations were found within subsurface WC grains, indicating a significant reduction of the tool's integrity.</p>}},
  author       = {{Graves, Alex and Salmasi, Armin and Graham, Simon J. and Wan, Wei and Xiao, Changhong and Jackson, Martin and Larsson, Henrik and Norgren, Susanne}},
  issn         = {{0043-1648}},
  keywords     = {{TEM; Thermodynamic simulation; Titanium; Tool wear; Turning; WC–Co}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{03}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier}},
  series       = {{Wear}},
  title        = {{An experimental and theoretical investigation on Ti-5553/WC–Co(6%) chemical interactions during machining and in diffusion couples}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2022.204604}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.wear.2022.204604}},
  volume       = {{516-517}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}