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Landauer Versus Nernst : What is the True Cost of Cooling a Quantum System

Taranto, Philip ; Bakhshinezhad, Faraj LU ; Bluhm, Andreas ; Silva, Ralph ; Friis, Nicolai ; Lock, Maximilian P.E. ; Vitagliano, Giuseppe ; Binder, Felix C. ; Debarba, Tiago and Schwarzhans, Emanuel , et al. (2023) In PRX Quantum 4(1).
Abstract

Thermodynamics connects our knowledge of the world to our capability to manipulate and thus to control it. This crucial role of control is exemplified by the third law of thermodynamics, Nernst's unattainability principle, which states that infinite resources are required to cool a system to absolute zero temperature. But what are these resources and how should they be utilized And how does this relate to Landauer's principle that famously connects information and thermodynamics We answer these questions by providing a framework for identifying the resources that enable the creation of pure quantum states. We show that perfect cooling is possible with Landauer energy cost given infinite time or control complexity. However, such optimal... (More)

Thermodynamics connects our knowledge of the world to our capability to manipulate and thus to control it. This crucial role of control is exemplified by the third law of thermodynamics, Nernst's unattainability principle, which states that infinite resources are required to cool a system to absolute zero temperature. But what are these resources and how should they be utilized And how does this relate to Landauer's principle that famously connects information and thermodynamics We answer these questions by providing a framework for identifying the resources that enable the creation of pure quantum states. We show that perfect cooling is possible with Landauer energy cost given infinite time or control complexity. However, such optimal protocols require complex unitaries generated by an external work source. Restricting to unitaries that can be run solely via a heat engine, we derive a novel Carnot-Landauer limit, along with protocols for its saturation. This generalizes Landauer's principle to a fully thermodynamic setting, leading to a unification with the third law and emphasizes the importance of control in quantum thermodynamics.

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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
PRX Quantum
volume
4
issue
1
article number
010332
publisher
American Physical Society
external identifiers
  • scopus:85151340571
ISSN
2691-3399
DOI
10.1103/PRXQuantum.4.010332
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
fbf3fe57-3e5c-4435-bd89-7163708e512e
date added to LUP
2023-05-24 13:05:41
date last changed
2025-04-04 14:51:34
@article{fbf3fe57-3e5c-4435-bd89-7163708e512e,
  abstract     = {{<p>Thermodynamics connects our knowledge of the world to our capability to manipulate and thus to control it. This crucial role of control is exemplified by the third law of thermodynamics, Nernst's unattainability principle, which states that infinite resources are required to cool a system to absolute zero temperature. But what are these resources and how should they be utilized And how does this relate to Landauer's principle that famously connects information and thermodynamics We answer these questions by providing a framework for identifying the resources that enable the creation of pure quantum states. We show that perfect cooling is possible with Landauer energy cost given infinite time or control complexity. However, such optimal protocols require complex unitaries generated by an external work source. Restricting to unitaries that can be run solely via a heat engine, we derive a novel Carnot-Landauer limit, along with protocols for its saturation. This generalizes Landauer's principle to a fully thermodynamic setting, leading to a unification with the third law and emphasizes the importance of control in quantum thermodynamics.</p>}},
  author       = {{Taranto, Philip and Bakhshinezhad, Faraj and Bluhm, Andreas and Silva, Ralph and Friis, Nicolai and Lock, Maximilian P.E. and Vitagliano, Giuseppe and Binder, Felix C. and Debarba, Tiago and Schwarzhans, Emanuel and Clivaz, Fabien and Huber, Marcus}},
  issn         = {{2691-3399}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{1}},
  publisher    = {{American Physical Society}},
  series       = {{PRX Quantum}},
  title        = {{Landauer Versus Nernst : What is the True Cost of Cooling a Quantum System}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PRXQuantum.4.010332}},
  doi          = {{10.1103/PRXQuantum.4.010332}},
  volume       = {{4}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}