The Role of Onshore Wind Power to Advancing Environment Sustainability in Tropical Country: Study of Indonesia
(2026) MVKM05 20261Department of Energy Sciences
- Abstract
- This thesis analyses the role of onshore wind energy in supporting environmental sustainability in Indonesia by evaluating its electricity generation potential, CO₂ emission reductions, development barriers, and policy implications. Thailand is used as a comparative case to identify policy lessons relevant to wind energy development in tropical countries. The study adopts a mixed method approach consisting of a literature review, quantitative analysis, comparative policy assessment, and an analysis of wind energy development under two scenarios: a high-wind scenario and a low-wind scenario. The results indicate that Indonesia possesses considerable onshore wind energy potential that could contribute to electricity generation and CO₂... (More)
- This thesis analyses the role of onshore wind energy in supporting environmental sustainability in Indonesia by evaluating its electricity generation potential, CO₂ emission reductions, development barriers, and policy implications. Thailand is used as a comparative case to identify policy lessons relevant to wind energy development in tropical countries. The study adopts a mixed method approach consisting of a literature review, quantitative analysis, comparative policy assessment, and an analysis of wind energy development under two scenarios: a high-wind scenario and a low-wind scenario. The results indicate that Indonesia possesses considerable onshore wind energy potential that could contribute to electricity generation and CO₂ emission reduction. The analysis of high-wind and low-wind scenarios shows that wind power can support Indonesia's energy transition, although its contribution to the national electricity mix is expected to remain relatively modest. The study identifies grid infrastructure limitations, limited domestic industrial capacity, investment and financing challenges, regulatory and permitting barriers, and social acceptance issues as the main factors hindering wind energy development in Indonesia. The comparison with Thailand demonstrates that policy consistency, investment and financial incentives, effective licensing procedures, and transparent and competitive procurement mechanisms play an important role in accelerating wind energy development. This study concludes that onshore wind energy has the potential to support environmental sustainability and emission reduction in Indonesia. However, its contribution to the national electricity system is relatively small. (Less)
- Popular Abstract
- Indonesia is committed to reducing greenhouse gas emissions by increasing the use of renewable energy. While solar and hydropower often receive greater attention, onshore wind energy also has the potential to support Indonesia's energy transition. This study evaluates the role of onshore wind power by estimating its electricity generation potential, carbon emission reductions, and the challenges that limit its development. The results show that Indonesia has a theoretical onshore wind potential of approximately 175 TWh of electricity per year, with the potential to avoid around 145 MtCO₂ annually. However, under the current Electricity Supply Business Plan (RUPTL) 2025–2034, wind power is expected to contribute only 0.5% of Indonesia's... (More)
- Indonesia is committed to reducing greenhouse gas emissions by increasing the use of renewable energy. While solar and hydropower often receive greater attention, onshore wind energy also has the potential to support Indonesia's energy transition. This study evaluates the role of onshore wind power by estimating its electricity generation potential, carbon emission reductions, and the challenges that limit its development. The results show that Indonesia has a theoretical onshore wind potential of approximately 175 TWh of electricity per year, with the potential to avoid around 145 MtCO₂ annually. However, under the current Electricity Supply Business Plan (RUPTL) 2025–2034, wind power is expected to contribute only 0.5% of Indonesia's electricity mix by 2034, highlighting the gap between the country's abundant wind resources and planned deployment.
The study finds that limited grid infrastructure, high investment costs, regulatory and permitting barriers, limited domestic industrial capacity, and social acceptance remain the main challenges to wind energy development. A comparison with Thailand demonstrates that consistent policies, attractive investment incentives, efficient permitting processes, and transparent procurement mechanisms can significantly accelerate renewable energy deployment. Although wind power alone will not transform Indonesia's electricity sector, it can play an important supporting role in reducing carbon emissions and diversifying the country's renewable energy portfolio when supported by effective policies and long-term investment. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
https://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9245652
- author
- Negsagis, Reco Rambang Putra LU
- supervisor
-
- Jamil Khan LU
- organization
- course
- MVKM05 20261
- year
- 2026
- type
- H2 - Master's Degree (Two Years)
- subject
- keywords
- onshore wind energy, environmental sustainability, renewable energy, CO₂ emission reduction, Indonesia, Thailand, energy transition.
- report number
- ISRN LUTMDN/TMHP-26/5707-SE
- ISSN
- 0282-1990
- language
- English
- id
- 9245652
- date added to LUP
- 2026-06-30 14:04:12
- date last changed
- 2026-06-30 14:04:12
@misc{9245652,
abstract = {{This thesis analyses the role of onshore wind energy in supporting environmental sustainability in Indonesia by evaluating its electricity generation potential, CO₂ emission reductions, development barriers, and policy implications. Thailand is used as a comparative case to identify policy lessons relevant to wind energy development in tropical countries. The study adopts a mixed method approach consisting of a literature review, quantitative analysis, comparative policy assessment, and an analysis of wind energy development under two scenarios: a high-wind scenario and a low-wind scenario. The results indicate that Indonesia possesses considerable onshore wind energy potential that could contribute to electricity generation and CO₂ emission reduction. The analysis of high-wind and low-wind scenarios shows that wind power can support Indonesia's energy transition, although its contribution to the national electricity mix is expected to remain relatively modest. The study identifies grid infrastructure limitations, limited domestic industrial capacity, investment and financing challenges, regulatory and permitting barriers, and social acceptance issues as the main factors hindering wind energy development in Indonesia. The comparison with Thailand demonstrates that policy consistency, investment and financial incentives, effective licensing procedures, and transparent and competitive procurement mechanisms play an important role in accelerating wind energy development. This study concludes that onshore wind energy has the potential to support environmental sustainability and emission reduction in Indonesia. However, its contribution to the national electricity system is relatively small.}},
author = {{Negsagis, Reco Rambang Putra}},
issn = {{0282-1990}},
language = {{eng}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{The Role of Onshore Wind Power to Advancing Environment Sustainability in Tropical Country: Study of Indonesia}},
year = {{2026}},
}