Safety Evaluation and Growth Optimisation of a New Probiotic
(2019) KNLM01 20191Food Technology and Nutrition (M.Sc.)
- Abstract (Swedish)
- Gut microbiota play a central role in metabolism for example in blood glucose homeostasis and appetite regulation. This thesis provides a prospect of using the bacterium Prevotella copri as a probiotic to help maintain a healthy gut microbiota as many evidences points towards probiotics to have a great potential as preventative agents or therapeutics for type 2 diabetes. In the first part of the thesis, the presence of the bacterium was determined in various food products and was found to be present in fermented food that was vegetable based. Human breast milk samples were collected from various sources and P. copri was detected in large amounts in one sample provided by a woman with South Asian background. These findings can support P.... (More)
- Gut microbiota play a central role in metabolism for example in blood glucose homeostasis and appetite regulation. This thesis provides a prospect of using the bacterium Prevotella copri as a probiotic to help maintain a healthy gut microbiota as many evidences points towards probiotics to have a great potential as preventative agents or therapeutics for type 2 diabetes. In the first part of the thesis, the presence of the bacterium was determined in various food products and was found to be present in fermented food that was vegetable based. Human breast milk samples were collected from various sources and P. copri was detected in large amounts in one sample provided by a woman with South Asian background. These findings can support P. copri’s ‘qualified presumption of safety’ (QPS) of microorganisms in food and feed’ status by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). However, further safety assessments in animal models and humans are required for this bacterium. For this purpose, in the second part of the thesis, optimal growth conditions of P. copri were determined. Bacterial growth was compared between two different growth media: Schaedler broth (SDB) and Peptone Yeast Glucose medium (PYG), showing that the bacteria grow fastest and are most stable in PYG. This information is highly useful for future validation of safety in animal models and humans as this requires in vitro grown bacteria. (Less)
- Popular Abstract
- According to the World Health Organization (WHO) nearly 8.5% of the global population is affected by metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and obesity which are one of the major causes of death and disability worldwide. This causes a huge financial burden on the healthcare system globally. Therefore, there is an urgent need to prevent, delay and treat these diseases and their debilitating complications such as stroke, heart attack, amputation or death.
A large body of evidence points to a central role of the composition of the gut microbiota in metabolism, for example in blood glucose concentrations and appetite regulation. Probiotics (live microorganisms that are beneficial for the host’s health) show great potential as... (More) - According to the World Health Organization (WHO) nearly 8.5% of the global population is affected by metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and obesity which are one of the major causes of death and disability worldwide. This causes a huge financial burden on the healthcare system globally. Therefore, there is an urgent need to prevent, delay and treat these diseases and their debilitating complications such as stroke, heart attack, amputation or death.
A large body of evidence points to a central role of the composition of the gut microbiota in metabolism, for example in blood glucose concentrations and appetite regulation. Probiotics (live microorganisms that are beneficial for the host’s health) show great potential as preventative agents or therapeutics for type 2 diabetes and obesity. There are many studies that indicate the important role probiotics have in maintaining healthy gut microbiota and show their use as an effective boost to insulin resistance therapies. Prevotella copri (P. copri) is one such bacterium found in the gut that shows beneficial effects as its presence in the gut has been correlated with better glucose tolerance in humans and mice fed with these bacteria showed improved glucose tolerance pointing to a causal role. P. copri thus has great potential as a next generation probiotic. To be able to bring it to the market, however, its safety needs to be assured.
The aim of this thesis is to contribute to the safety evaluation of P. copri. The first objective of the thesis was to check the presence of the bacteria in different food products that are commercially available. For this purpose, a literature review was conducted to identify the foods likely to contain P. copri. The food products were then tested for the presence of the bacteria by quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR). This method allows the quantification of the amplified isolated DNA from the food products. The bacteria were detected in the highest amounts in Sauerkraut, SoyGurt, Soya drink and various supermarket beers. Human breast milk sampled from mothers with different origins all displayed presence of the bacterium in varying amounts. These results support the classification of P. copri as ‘qualified presumption of safety (QPS) of microorganisms in food and feed’ status by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA).
The second objective of the thesis was to determine the optimal nutritional growth conditions of the bacteria. The growth conditions were optimized for P. copri using two different growth media: Schaedlar’s broth (SDB) and Peptone Yeast Glucose media (PYG). An in vitro growth curve experiment of the bacteria in the two media indicated that P. copri grew faster and was more stable in PYG when compared to SDB media. This information is highly useful for future safety studies in animal models and humans as they require in vitro grown bacteria.
In conclusion, this thesis is a pilot study which can pave a path to bring the probiotic into the market. While the detection of P. copri in breast milk and food indicates its safety, further safety evaluations are required to ensure QPS status and validate the use of P. copri as a next generation probiotic. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/8997102
- author
- Sairamesh, Madhumita LU
- supervisor
-
- Phebe Verbrugghe LU
- Xingjun Jing LU
- organization
- alternative title
- Safety Evaluation and Growth Optimisation of a New Probiotic
- course
- KNLM01 20191
- year
- 2019
- type
- H2 - Master's Degree (Two Years)
- subject
- keywords
- Applied nutrition, Food chemistry, Industriell näringslära, Livsmedelskemi
- language
- English
- id
- 8997102
- date added to LUP
- 2019-10-29 09:25:02
- date last changed
- 2019-10-29 09:25:02
@misc{8997102,
abstract = {{Gut microbiota play a central role in metabolism for example in blood glucose homeostasis and appetite regulation. This thesis provides a prospect of using the bacterium Prevotella copri as a probiotic to help maintain a healthy gut microbiota as many evidences points towards probiotics to have a great potential as preventative agents or therapeutics for type 2 diabetes. In the first part of the thesis, the presence of the bacterium was determined in various food products and was found to be present in fermented food that was vegetable based. Human breast milk samples were collected from various sources and P. copri was detected in large amounts in one sample provided by a woman with South Asian background. These findings can support P. copri’s ‘qualified presumption of safety’ (QPS) of microorganisms in food and feed’ status by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). However, further safety assessments in animal models and humans are required for this bacterium. For this purpose, in the second part of the thesis, optimal growth conditions of P. copri were determined. Bacterial growth was compared between two different growth media: Schaedler broth (SDB) and Peptone Yeast Glucose medium (PYG), showing that the bacteria grow fastest and are most stable in PYG. This information is highly useful for future validation of safety in animal models and humans as this requires in vitro grown bacteria.}},
author = {{Sairamesh, Madhumita}},
language = {{eng}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{Safety Evaluation and Growth Optimisation of a New Probiotic}},
year = {{2019}},
}