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Psychology of the refugee, the immigrant and their children : Development of a conceptual framework and application to psychotherapeutic and related support work

Kristal-Andersson, Binnie LU (2000)
Abstract
In recent years, awareness has grown of the necessity of understanding the inner world of refugees (in particular traumatized refugees), immigrants, and their children. These groups have come in increasing numbers to Scandinavia, and otherwise confident and capable professionals in all arenas of mental health, social work and other fields have often felt inadequate when working with them.



After many years of clinical and supervisory work, Kristal-Andersson realized that there was an acute need for a treatment model that considers the specific psychology of these groups. In her view, specialized process-related training in psychotherapy and its related fields, and also in support work, is necessary to obtain psychological... (More)
In recent years, awareness has grown of the necessity of understanding the inner world of refugees (in particular traumatized refugees), immigrants, and their children. These groups have come in increasing numbers to Scandinavia, and otherwise confident and capable professionals in all arenas of mental health, social work and other fields have often felt inadequate when working with them.



After many years of clinical and supervisory work, Kristal-Andersson realized that there was an acute need for a treatment model that considers the specific psychology of these groups. In her view, specialized process-related training in psychotherapy and its related fields, and also in support work, is necessary to obtain psychological understanding of their difficulties, and also to build up the knowledge, insight and confidence of professionals and others in working with them. Formulating a framework and organizing a specialist form of education for various categories of professionals have been the principal goals of her research work and this subsequent doctoral dissertation. The relevance of the framework (part I of the dissertation) is evaluated through experiences of a course of practical training based upon it (part II). Part I provides a summation of over twenty-five years of Kristal-Andersson's and others? clinical and support work with refugees and immigrants. First, it describes the commonly occurring psychological and other difficulties that the individual/family faces in the new country. Second, it presents a conceptual framework or treatment model evolved over many years of clinical work, supervision and consultation. The model was derived through interaction between literature study, empirical research and clinical evaluation. Part II describes and evaluates a year-long process of training for caring professionals based on the framework, and summarizes and evaluates particular items of casework. The training was designed to expand the psychological understanding and confidence of the carers involved. Its primary purpose here is to validate the use of the conceptual framework in treatment and support work. Method, documentation and evaluation include tape recordings of the theoretical education and supervision and evaluations of these; participants? continuous oral and written evaluations; summations and reports of casework sessions; and data from three written questionnaires administered at and after the final seminar. At a scientific level, the primary purpose of this dissertation is to provide further knowledge and understanding of the specific psychological and outer difficulties of refugee and immigrant groups, and promote increased interest in this area of psychology. A further purpose is to describe a practical approach and mode of working in psychotherapy and support work with refugees and immigrants. In practical terms, it is hoped that the dissertation can assist in the development of educational, curative and preventive programs for assuring good mental health and improved social conditions for refugees, immigrants and their children. In turn, this might lead to improved adaptation and an improved social situation for them in their new country. Finally, it is hoped that the psychological knowledge obtained can help prevent and counteract discrimination, prejudice and tension, and lead to more open and sensitive attitudes towards these groups in the societies to which they now belong. (Less)
Abstract (Swedish)
Popular Abstract in Swedish

På senare år har insikten ökat om hur nödvändigt det är att förstå flyktingars, invandrares och deras barns inre värld (speciellt gäller detta krisdrabbade flyktingar). Dessa grupper har kommit i växande skaror till Skandinavien och många för övrigt säkra och duktiga yrkesmänniskor inom alla områden av den psykiska hälsovården, socialtjänsten och andra fack har känt sig otillräckliga under arbetet med dem. Efter många års kliniskt arbete och som handledare fann Kristal-Andersson att det existerade ett akut behov av en behandlingsmodell med särskild hänsyn till dessa gruppers speciella psykologi. Enligt hennes åsikt krävs det en specialiserad metodrelaterad utbildning i psykoterapi och tillhörande... (More)
Popular Abstract in Swedish

På senare år har insikten ökat om hur nödvändigt det är att förstå flyktingars, invandrares och deras barns inre värld (speciellt gäller detta krisdrabbade flyktingar). Dessa grupper har kommit i växande skaror till Skandinavien och många för övrigt säkra och duktiga yrkesmänniskor inom alla områden av den psykiska hälsovården, socialtjänsten och andra fack har känt sig otillräckliga under arbetet med dem. Efter många års kliniskt arbete och som handledare fann Kristal-Andersson att det existerade ett akut behov av en behandlingsmodell med särskild hänsyn till dessa gruppers speciella psykologi. Enligt hennes åsikt krävs det en specialiserad metodrelaterad utbildning i psykoterapi och tillhörande fack, liksom också i socialt hjälparbete, för att psykologiskt förstå deras svårigheter och för att höja kunskapen, insikten och självförtroendet hos yrkesfolk och andra som arbetar med dem. Att skapa en referensram/behandlingsmodell och bygga upp en specialiserad utbildning för olika kategorier av fackfolk har varit huvudsyftet med hennes forskning och föreliggande avhandling. Del I redovisar en sammanfattning av drygt tjugofem års kliniskt och socialt arbete med flyktingar och invandrare av Kristal-Andersson och andra. Först beskrivs vanliga psykologiska och andra svårigheter som individen/familjen möter i det nya landet. Sedan presenteras en referensram/behandlingsmodell som utvecklats under många års kliniskt arbete, handledning och rådgivning. Modellen bygger på ett samspel mellan litteraturstudier, empirisk forskning och kliniska bedömningar. Del II beskriver och utvärderar en årslång utbildning för fackfolk med referensramen som grund och innehåller en sammanfattning och utvärdering av fallbeskrivningar. Utbildningen avsåg att vidga kursdeltagarnas psykologiska förståelse och deras självförtroende. Här är det främsta syftet att stadfästa referensramen i behandling och socialt hjälparbete. Metod, dokumentation och utvärdering omfattar bandinspelningar av den teoretiska utbildningen, handledning och utvärdering av dessa; deltagarnas fortlöpande muntliga och skriftliga värderingar; sammanfattningar och referat av fallbeskrivningar och handledningen; samt uppgifter från tre frågeformulär som delades ut under och efter det sista seminariet. På det vetenskapliga planet är främsta syftet med denna avhandling att bidra med ytterligare kunskap och förståelse av flykting- och invandrargruppernas speciella psykologiska och yttre svårigheter och verka för ökat intresse för denna gren av psykologin. Ett syfte är också att beskriva en praktiskt taktik och ett sätt att arbeta med psykoterapi och stödarbete till flyktingar och invandrare. Rent praktiskt är det författarens förhoppning att med denna avhandling bidra till utvecklandet av program som genom utbildning och förebyggande och läkande insatser kan leda till en god psykisk hälsa och förbättra sociala villkor för flyktingar, invandrare och deras barn. Detta kan i sin tur leda till en bättre anpassning och en förbättrad social situation för dem i det nya landet. Slutligen hoppa hon också att den psykologiska kunskap som utvinns ska hjälpa till att förhindra och motverka diskriminering, fördomar och motsättningar och leda till en öppnare och mer känslig attityd mot dessa grupper inom det samhälle de nu tillhör. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
supervisor
opponent
  • Professor Olsson, Gudrun, Institutt for psykologi, Universitetet i Tromsö, 9037 Tromsö, Norway
organization
publishing date
type
Thesis
publication status
published
subject
keywords
refugee, support work, treatment model, psychotherapy, psychology, refugee and immigrant children, torture rehabilitation, refugee trauma, refugee psychology, immigrant psychology, immigrant, psychological framework, Psykologi, immigrant
pages
384 pages
publisher
Binnie Kristal-Andersson, Office of Psychotherapy and Psychology in Stockholm South, Drakenbergsgatan 63, 117 41 Stockholm,
defense location
Eden's Lecture Hall, Lund University, Paradisgatan 5
defense date
2000-05-31 10:15:00
external identifiers
  • other:ISRN: LUSADG/SAPS-00/1085-SE
ISBN
91-88598-02-0
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
8301cc97-d55e-4862-8270-210d1a53c2e2 (old id 19797)
date added to LUP
2016-04-04 10:38:19
date last changed
2021-12-12 10:55:27
@phdthesis{8301cc97-d55e-4862-8270-210d1a53c2e2,
  abstract     = {{In recent years, awareness has grown of the necessity of understanding the inner world of refugees (in particular traumatized refugees), immigrants, and their children. These groups have come in increasing numbers to Scandinavia, and otherwise confident and capable professionals in all arenas of mental health, social work and other fields have often felt inadequate when working with them.<br/><br>
<br/><br>
After many years of clinical and supervisory work, Kristal-Andersson realized that there was an acute need for a treatment model that considers the specific psychology of these groups. In her view, specialized process-related training in psychotherapy and its related fields, and also in support work, is necessary to obtain psychological understanding of their difficulties, and also to build up the knowledge, insight and confidence of professionals and others in working with them. Formulating a framework and organizing a specialist form of education for various categories of professionals have been the principal goals of her research work and this subsequent doctoral dissertation. The relevance of the framework (part I of the dissertation) is evaluated through experiences of a course of practical training based upon it (part II). Part I provides a summation of over twenty-five years of Kristal-Andersson's and others? clinical and support work with refugees and immigrants. First, it describes the commonly occurring psychological and other difficulties that the individual/family faces in the new country. Second, it presents a conceptual framework or treatment model evolved over many years of clinical work, supervision and consultation. The model was derived through interaction between literature study, empirical research and clinical evaluation. Part II describes and evaluates a year-long process of training for caring professionals based on the framework, and summarizes and evaluates particular items of casework. The training was designed to expand the psychological understanding and confidence of the carers involved. Its primary purpose here is to validate the use of the conceptual framework in treatment and support work. Method, documentation and evaluation include tape recordings of the theoretical education and supervision and evaluations of these; participants? continuous oral and written evaluations; summations and reports of casework sessions; and data from three written questionnaires administered at and after the final seminar. At a scientific level, the primary purpose of this dissertation is to provide further knowledge and understanding of the specific psychological and outer difficulties of refugee and immigrant groups, and promote increased interest in this area of psychology. A further purpose is to describe a practical approach and mode of working in psychotherapy and support work with refugees and immigrants. In practical terms, it is hoped that the dissertation can assist in the development of educational, curative and preventive programs for assuring good mental health and improved social conditions for refugees, immigrants and their children. In turn, this might lead to improved adaptation and an improved social situation for them in their new country. Finally, it is hoped that the psychological knowledge obtained can help prevent and counteract discrimination, prejudice and tension, and lead to more open and sensitive attitudes towards these groups in the societies to which they now belong.}},
  author       = {{Kristal-Andersson, Binnie}},
  isbn         = {{91-88598-02-0}},
  keywords     = {{refugee; support work; treatment model; psychotherapy; psychology; refugee and immigrant children; torture rehabilitation; refugee trauma; refugee psychology; immigrant psychology; immigrant; psychological framework; Psykologi; immigrant}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{Binnie Kristal-Andersson, Office of Psychotherapy and Psychology in Stockholm South, Drakenbergsgatan 63, 117 41 Stockholm,}},
  school       = {{Lund University}},
  title        = {{Psychology of the refugee, the immigrant and their children : Development of a conceptual framework and application to psychotherapeutic and related support work}},
  url          = {{https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/files/5586045/1002081.pdf}},
  year         = {{2000}},
}