Semipermeable membrane devices in monitoring of organic pollutants in the aquatic environment
(1999)- Abstract
- Semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) are passive samplers capable of concentrating hydrophobic chemicals from water, sediments, soil and air. They consist of layflat polymeric membrane such as polyethylene containing a thin film of synthetic lipid such as triolein. The transport of hydrophobic chemicals through the membrane into the lipid is governed by the process of passive diffusion. Therefore, SPMDs sample chemicals in a way similar to organisms.
This thesis deals with the application of SPMDs in the monitoring of concentrations and effects of organic pollutants in the aquatic environment. SPMDs were exposed to various pesticides (organochlorines, synthetic pyrethroids, dinitroanilines, amides) in laboratory... (More) - Semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) are passive samplers capable of concentrating hydrophobic chemicals from water, sediments, soil and air. They consist of layflat polymeric membrane such as polyethylene containing a thin film of synthetic lipid such as triolein. The transport of hydrophobic chemicals through the membrane into the lipid is governed by the process of passive diffusion. Therefore, SPMDs sample chemicals in a way similar to organisms.
This thesis deals with the application of SPMDs in the monitoring of concentrations and effects of organic pollutants in the aquatic environment. SPMDs were exposed to various pesticides (organochlorines, synthetic pyrethroids, dinitroanilines, amides) in laboratory flow-through experiments to study the uptake kinetics of organic chemicals from water. To compare the uptake of model compounds by SPMDs and aquatic organisms, the membrane samplers were exposed to chemicals side-by-side with bivalves. Mixtures of chemicals accumulated by SPMDs and mussels were tested in standard toxicity and genotoxicity assays (Microtox, Mutatox, invertebrate toxicity tests, the Ames test, sister chromatid exchange test). These studies showed that the uptake pattern of organic compounds by SPMDs and aquatic organisms was similar, and the passive samplers accumulated levels of chemicals sufficient for standard bioassays.
To further validate the method, SPMDs were deployed in a number of polluted water sources in Lithuania. Bioassay-directed fractionation and chemical analytical methods were used to identify pollutants sampled (PAHs, PCBs, organochlorines) and their effects were evaluated in bioassays. SPMDs proved to be useful tools in monitoring of organic pollutants under the field conditions. Criteria for bioassays to be integrated with the SPMD technique were defined based on the results of these studies. Some important factors in the integration of SPMDs and bioassays (toxicity of SPMD-inherent oleic and sediment-associated inorganic sulfur) were considered. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/39430
- author
- Sabaliunas, Darius LU
- supervisor
- opponent
-
- Dr McCarthy, John F., Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Rigde National Laboratory, U.S.A.
- organization
- publishing date
- 1999
- type
- Thesis
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- effect studies, environmental monitoring, organic pollutants, bioconcentration, passive samplers, Semipermeable membrane devices, SPMDs, toxicity, genotoxicity, bioassays, Ecology, Ekologi
- pages
- 134 pages
- publisher
- Department of Ecology, Lund University
- defense location
- Blue Hall of the Deparment of Ecology, Solvegatan 37, Lund
- defense date
- 1999-04-28 10:00:00
- external identifiers
-
- other:ISRN: SE-LUNBDS/NBKE-99/1014+134pp
- ISBN
- 91-7105-108-2
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- additional info
- The information about affiliations in this record was updated in December 2015. The record was previously connected to the following departments: Chemical Ecology/Ecotoxicology (Closed 2011) (011006020)
- id
- deeb6b8e-73f4-41b7-8f44-9b4e16332011 (old id 39430)
- date added to LUP
- 2016-04-04 11:56:38
- date last changed
- 2018-11-21 21:08:06
@phdthesis{deeb6b8e-73f4-41b7-8f44-9b4e16332011,
abstract = {{Semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) are passive samplers capable of concentrating hydrophobic chemicals from water, sediments, soil and air. They consist of layflat polymeric membrane such as polyethylene containing a thin film of synthetic lipid such as triolein. The transport of hydrophobic chemicals through the membrane into the lipid is governed by the process of passive diffusion. Therefore, SPMDs sample chemicals in a way similar to organisms.<br/><br>
<br/><br>
This thesis deals with the application of SPMDs in the monitoring of concentrations and effects of organic pollutants in the aquatic environment. SPMDs were exposed to various pesticides (organochlorines, synthetic pyrethroids, dinitroanilines, amides) in laboratory flow-through experiments to study the uptake kinetics of organic chemicals from water. To compare the uptake of model compounds by SPMDs and aquatic organisms, the membrane samplers were exposed to chemicals side-by-side with bivalves. Mixtures of chemicals accumulated by SPMDs and mussels were tested in standard toxicity and genotoxicity assays (Microtox, Mutatox, invertebrate toxicity tests, the Ames test, sister chromatid exchange test). These studies showed that the uptake pattern of organic compounds by SPMDs and aquatic organisms was similar, and the passive samplers accumulated levels of chemicals sufficient for standard bioassays.<br/><br>
<br/><br>
To further validate the method, SPMDs were deployed in a number of polluted water sources in Lithuania. Bioassay-directed fractionation and chemical analytical methods were used to identify pollutants sampled (PAHs, PCBs, organochlorines) and their effects were evaluated in bioassays. SPMDs proved to be useful tools in monitoring of organic pollutants under the field conditions. Criteria for bioassays to be integrated with the SPMD technique were defined based on the results of these studies. Some important factors in the integration of SPMDs and bioassays (toxicity of SPMD-inherent oleic and sediment-associated inorganic sulfur) were considered.}},
author = {{Sabaliunas, Darius}},
isbn = {{91-7105-108-2}},
keywords = {{effect studies; environmental monitoring; organic pollutants; bioconcentration; passive samplers; Semipermeable membrane devices; SPMDs; toxicity; genotoxicity; bioassays; Ecology; Ekologi}},
language = {{eng}},
publisher = {{Department of Ecology, Lund University}},
school = {{Lund University}},
title = {{Semipermeable membrane devices in monitoring of organic pollutants in the aquatic environment}},
year = {{1999}},
}