Introducing the Endotype Concept to Address the Challenge of Disease Heterogeneity in Type 1 Diabetes
(2020) In Diabetes Care 43(1). p.5-12- Abstract
The clinical diagnosis of new-onset type 1 diabetes has, for many years, been considered relatively straightforward. Recently, however, there is increasing awareness that within this single clinical phenotype exists considerable heterogeneity: disease onset spans the complete age range; genetic susceptibility is complex; rates of progression differ markedly, as does insulin secretory capacity; and complication rates, glycemic control, and therapeutic intervention efficacy vary widely. Mechanistic and immunopathological studies typically show considerable patchiness across subjects, undermining conclusions regarding disease pathways. Without better understanding, type 1 diabetes heterogeneity represents a major barrier both to... (More)
The clinical diagnosis of new-onset type 1 diabetes has, for many years, been considered relatively straightforward. Recently, however, there is increasing awareness that within this single clinical phenotype exists considerable heterogeneity: disease onset spans the complete age range; genetic susceptibility is complex; rates of progression differ markedly, as does insulin secretory capacity; and complication rates, glycemic control, and therapeutic intervention efficacy vary widely. Mechanistic and immunopathological studies typically show considerable patchiness across subjects, undermining conclusions regarding disease pathways. Without better understanding, type 1 diabetes heterogeneity represents a major barrier both to deciphering pathogenesis and to the translational effort of designing, conducting, and interpreting clinical trials of disease-modifying agents. This realization comes during a period of unprecedented change in clinical medicine, with increasing emphasis on greater individualization and precision. For complex disorders such as type 1 diabetes, the option of maintaining the "single disease" approach appears untenable, as does the notion of individualizing each single patient's care, obliging us to conceptualize type 1 diabetes less in terms of phenotypes (observable characteristics) and more in terms of disease endotypes (underlying biological mechanisms). Here, we provide our view on an approach to dissect heterogeneity in type 1 diabetes. Using lessons from other diseases and the data gathered to date, we aim to delineate a roadmap through which the field can incorporate the endotype concept into laboratory and clinical practice. We predict that such an effort will accelerate the implementation of precision medicine and has the potential for impact on our approach to translational research, trial design, and clinical management.
(Less)
- author
- organization
- publishing date
- 2020
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- in
- Diabetes Care
- volume
- 43
- issue
- 1
- pages
- 8 pages
- publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- external identifiers
-
- pmid:31753960
- scopus:85077016324
- ISSN
- 1935-5548
- DOI
- 10.2337/dc19-0880
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- 6ac1570e-7d49-4c73-8385-6cb99677a20a
- date added to LUP
- 2020-01-03 12:17:11
- date last changed
- 2024-04-17 01:05:51
@article{6ac1570e-7d49-4c73-8385-6cb99677a20a,
abstract = {{<p>The clinical diagnosis of new-onset type 1 diabetes has, for many years, been considered relatively straightforward. Recently, however, there is increasing awareness that within this single clinical phenotype exists considerable heterogeneity: disease onset spans the complete age range; genetic susceptibility is complex; rates of progression differ markedly, as does insulin secretory capacity; and complication rates, glycemic control, and therapeutic intervention efficacy vary widely. Mechanistic and immunopathological studies typically show considerable patchiness across subjects, undermining conclusions regarding disease pathways. Without better understanding, type 1 diabetes heterogeneity represents a major barrier both to deciphering pathogenesis and to the translational effort of designing, conducting, and interpreting clinical trials of disease-modifying agents. This realization comes during a period of unprecedented change in clinical medicine, with increasing emphasis on greater individualization and precision. For complex disorders such as type 1 diabetes, the option of maintaining the "single disease" approach appears untenable, as does the notion of individualizing each single patient's care, obliging us to conceptualize type 1 diabetes less in terms of phenotypes (observable characteristics) and more in terms of disease endotypes (underlying biological mechanisms). Here, we provide our view on an approach to dissect heterogeneity in type 1 diabetes. Using lessons from other diseases and the data gathered to date, we aim to delineate a roadmap through which the field can incorporate the endotype concept into laboratory and clinical practice. We predict that such an effort will accelerate the implementation of precision medicine and has the potential for impact on our approach to translational research, trial design, and clinical management.</p>}},
author = {{Battaglia, Manuela and Ahmed, Simi and Anderson, Mark S. and Atkinson, Mark A. and Becker, Dorothy and Bingley, Polly J. and Bosi, Emanuele and Brusko, Todd M. and DiMeglio, Linda A. and Evans-Molina, Carmella and Gitelman, Stephen E. and Greenbaum, Carla J. and Gottlieb, Peter A. and Herold, Kevan C. and Hessner, Martin J. and Knip, Mikael and Jacobsen, Laura and Krischer, Jeffrey P. and Long, S. Alice and Lundgren, Markus and McKinney, Eoin F. and Morgan, Noel G. and Oram, Richard A. and Pastinen, Tomi and Peters, Michael C. and Petrelli, Alessandra and Qian, Xiaoning and Redondo, Maria J. and Roep, Bart O. and Schatz, Desmond and Skibinski, David and Peakman, Mark}},
issn = {{1935-5548}},
language = {{eng}},
number = {{1}},
pages = {{5--12}},
publisher = {{American Diabetes Association}},
series = {{Diabetes Care}},
title = {{Introducing the Endotype Concept to Address the Challenge of Disease Heterogeneity in Type 1 Diabetes}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/dc19-0880}},
doi = {{10.2337/dc19-0880}},
volume = {{43}},
year = {{2020}},
}