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HIV-2 as a model to identify a functional HIV cure

Esbjörnsson, Joakim LU orcid ; Jansson, Marianne LU ; Jespersen, Sanne ; Månsson, Fredrik LU ; Hønge, Bo L. ; Lindman, Jacob LU ; Medina, Candida ; Da Silva, Zacarias J. ; Norrgren, Hans LU and Medstrand, Patrik LU orcid , et al. (2019) In AIDS Research and Therapy 16(1).
Abstract

Two HIV virus types exist: HIV-1 is pandemic and aggressive, whereas HIV-2 is confined mainly to West Africa and less pathogenic. Despite the fact that it has been almost 40 years since the discovery of AIDS, there is still no cure or vaccine against HIV. Consequently, the concepts of functional vaccines and cures that aim to limit HIV disease progression and spread by persistent control of viral replication without life-long treatment have been suggested as more feasible options to control the HIV pandemic. To identify virus-host mechanisms that could be targeted for functional cure development, researchers have focused on a small fraction of HIV-1 infected individuals that control their infection spontaneously, so-called elite... (More)

Two HIV virus types exist: HIV-1 is pandemic and aggressive, whereas HIV-2 is confined mainly to West Africa and less pathogenic. Despite the fact that it has been almost 40 years since the discovery of AIDS, there is still no cure or vaccine against HIV. Consequently, the concepts of functional vaccines and cures that aim to limit HIV disease progression and spread by persistent control of viral replication without life-long treatment have been suggested as more feasible options to control the HIV pandemic. To identify virus-host mechanisms that could be targeted for functional cure development, researchers have focused on a small fraction of HIV-1 infected individuals that control their infection spontaneously, so-called elite controllers. However, these efforts have not been able to unravel the key mechanisms of the infection control. This is partly due to lack in statistical power since only 0.15% of HIV-1 infected individuals are natural elite controllers. The proportion of long-Term viral control is larger in HIV-2 infection compared with HIV-1 infection. We therefore present the idea of using HIV-2 as a model for finding a functional cure against HIV. Understanding the key differences between HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections, and the cross-reactive effects in HIV-1/HIV-2 dual-infection could provide novel insights in developing functional HIV cures and vaccines.

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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Disease progression, Dual-infection, Functional cure, HIV-1, HIV-2, West Africa
in
AIDS Research and Therapy
volume
16
issue
1
article number
24
publisher
BioMed Central (BMC)
external identifiers
  • pmid:31484562
  • scopus:85071744524
ISSN
1742-6405
DOI
10.1186/s12981-019-0239-x
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
86598582-99fa-4c60-a425-95fdcb55eaaf
date added to LUP
2019-09-16 14:47:22
date last changed
2024-04-16 19:46:25
@article{86598582-99fa-4c60-a425-95fdcb55eaaf,
  abstract     = {{<p>Two HIV virus types exist: HIV-1 is pandemic and aggressive, whereas HIV-2 is confined mainly to West Africa and less pathogenic. Despite the fact that it has been almost 40 years since the discovery of AIDS, there is still no cure or vaccine against HIV. Consequently, the concepts of functional vaccines and cures that aim to limit HIV disease progression and spread by persistent control of viral replication without life-long treatment have been suggested as more feasible options to control the HIV pandemic. To identify virus-host mechanisms that could be targeted for functional cure development, researchers have focused on a small fraction of HIV-1 infected individuals that control their infection spontaneously, so-called elite controllers. However, these efforts have not been able to unravel the key mechanisms of the infection control. This is partly due to lack in statistical power since only 0.15% of HIV-1 infected individuals are natural elite controllers. The proportion of long-Term viral control is larger in HIV-2 infection compared with HIV-1 infection. We therefore present the idea of using HIV-2 as a model for finding a functional cure against HIV. Understanding the key differences between HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections, and the cross-reactive effects in HIV-1/HIV-2 dual-infection could provide novel insights in developing functional HIV cures and vaccines.</p>}},
  author       = {{Esbjörnsson, Joakim and Jansson, Marianne and Jespersen, Sanne and Månsson, Fredrik and Hønge, Bo L. and Lindman, Jacob and Medina, Candida and Da Silva, Zacarias J. and Norrgren, Hans and Medstrand, Patrik and Rowland-Jones, Sarah L. and Wejse, Christian}},
  issn         = {{1742-6405}},
  keywords     = {{Disease progression; Dual-infection; Functional cure; HIV-1; HIV-2; West Africa}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{09}},
  number       = {{1}},
  publisher    = {{BioMed Central (BMC)}},
  series       = {{AIDS Research and Therapy}},
  title        = {{HIV-2 as a model to identify a functional HIV cure}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12981-019-0239-x}},
  doi          = {{10.1186/s12981-019-0239-x}},
  volume       = {{16}},
  year         = {{2019}},
}