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Channel Performance Metrics and Evaluation for XR Head-Mounted Displays with mmWave Arrays

Marinsek, Alexander ; Cai, Xuesong LU ; De Strycker, Lieven ; Tufvesson, Fredrik LU orcid and Van der Perre, Liesbet LU (2024) In IEEE Transactions on Communications 72(10). p.6442-6456
Abstract

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) technology holds the potential to revolutionize head-mounted displays (HMDs) by enabling high-speed wireless communication with nearby processing nodes, where complex video rendering can take place. However, the sparse angular profile of mmWave channels, coupled with the narrow field of view (FoV) of patch-antenna arrays and frequent HMD rotation, can lead to poor performance. We introduce six channel performance metrics to evaluate the performance of an HMD equipped with mmWave arrays. We analyze the metrics using analytical models, discuss their impact for the application, and apply them to 28 GHz channel sounding data, collected in a conference room using eight HMD patch-antenna arrays, offset by... (More)

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) technology holds the potential to revolutionize head-mounted displays (HMDs) by enabling high-speed wireless communication with nearby processing nodes, where complex video rendering can take place. However, the sparse angular profile of mmWave channels, coupled with the narrow field of view (FoV) of patch-antenna arrays and frequent HMD rotation, can lead to poor performance. We introduce six channel performance metrics to evaluate the performance of an HMD equipped with mmWave arrays. We analyze the metrics using analytical models, discuss their impact for the application, and apply them to 28 GHz channel sounding data, collected in a conference room using eight HMD patch-antenna arrays, offset by 45° from each other in azimuth. Our findings confirm that a single array performs poorly due to the narrow FoV, and featuring multiple arrays along the HMD’s azimuth is required. Namely, the broader FoV stabilizes channel gain during HMD rotation, lessens the attenuation caused by line of sight (LoS) obstruction, and increases the channel’s spatial multiplexing capability. In light of our findings, we conclude that it is imperative to either equip the HMD with multiple arrays or, as an alternative approach, incorporate macroscopic diversity by leveraging distributed access point (AP) infrastructure.

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Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Antenna arrays, antenna configuration, Antenna measurements, Arrays, channel measurements, Extended reality, Measurement, Millimeter wave communication, millimeter-wave, Phantoms, Resists, wireless
in
IEEE Transactions on Communications
volume
72
issue
10
pages
1 pages
publisher
IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
external identifiers
  • scopus:85191291020
ISSN
0090-6778
DOI
10.1109/TCOMM.2024.3392805
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
04e3c67c-666a-4b7b-982b-553cd95f4d95
date added to LUP
2024-05-06 09:55:49
date last changed
2024-12-17 16:04:28
@article{04e3c67c-666a-4b7b-982b-553cd95f4d95,
  abstract     = {{<p>Millimeter-wave (mmWave) technology holds the potential to revolutionize head-mounted displays (HMDs) by enabling high-speed wireless communication with nearby processing nodes, where complex video rendering can take place. However, the sparse angular profile of mmWave channels, coupled with the narrow field of view (FoV) of patch-antenna arrays and frequent HMD rotation, can lead to poor performance. We introduce six channel performance metrics to evaluate the performance of an HMD equipped with mmWave arrays. We analyze the metrics using analytical models, discuss their impact for the application, and apply them to 28 GHz channel sounding data, collected in a conference room using eight HMD patch-antenna arrays, offset by 45&amp;#x00B0; from each other in azimuth. Our findings confirm that a single array performs poorly due to the narrow FoV, and featuring multiple arrays along the HMD&amp;#x2019;s azimuth is required. Namely, the broader FoV stabilizes channel gain during HMD rotation, lessens the attenuation caused by line of sight (LoS) obstruction, and increases the channel&amp;#x2019;s spatial multiplexing capability. In light of our findings, we conclude that it is imperative to either equip the HMD with multiple arrays or, as an alternative approach, incorporate macroscopic diversity by leveraging distributed access point (AP) infrastructure.</p>}},
  author       = {{Marinsek, Alexander and Cai, Xuesong and De Strycker, Lieven and Tufvesson, Fredrik and Van der Perre, Liesbet}},
  issn         = {{0090-6778}},
  keywords     = {{Antenna arrays; antenna configuration; Antenna measurements; Arrays; channel measurements; Extended reality; Measurement; Millimeter wave communication; millimeter-wave; Phantoms; Resists; wireless}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{10}},
  pages        = {{6442--6456}},
  publisher    = {{IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.}},
  series       = {{IEEE Transactions on Communications}},
  title        = {{Channel Performance Metrics and Evaluation for XR Head-Mounted Displays with mmWave Arrays}},
  url          = {{https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/files/182999977/Millimeter_wave_antenna_placement_for_enhancing_extended_reality_QoE_1_.pdf}},
  doi          = {{10.1109/TCOMM.2024.3392805}},
  volume       = {{72}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}