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Embedded Systems and FPGAs for Implementation of Control Oriented Models, Applied to Combustion Engines

Wilhelmsson, Carl LU (2009)
Abstract
Performance demands put on combustion engines are ever increasing, e.g. demands on emissions and fuel consumption. The increased demands together with new combustion concepts increase the need for feedback engine and combustion control. Mathematical models are considered important in order to implement high performance feedback control, as well as to perform diagnostic functions in vehicles. Various implementation platforms which can be used to implement mathematical models in vehicles are described in this this thesis; embedded processors, FPGAs and ASICs. Which of these implementation platforms to choose must be decided based on the intended application and current demands on performance. Embedded systems, ASICs and FPGAs are discussed... (More)
Performance demands put on combustion engines are ever increasing, e.g. demands on emissions and fuel consumption. The increased demands together with new combustion concepts increase the need for feedback engine and combustion control. Mathematical models are considered important in order to implement high performance feedback control, as well as to perform diagnostic functions in vehicles. Various implementation platforms which can be used to implement mathematical models in vehicles are described in this this thesis; embedded processors, FPGAs and ASICs. Which of these implementation platforms to choose must be decided based on the intended application and current demands on performance. Embedded systems, ASICs and FPGAs are discussed based on literature found in the field, covering a wide span of considerations. Furthermore a number of considerations which are important when implementing algorithms and logic in embedded processors and FPGAs are described.The theory is put into practice in the thesis, implementing a heat release calculation on an FPGA and developing and implementing a NOx model in an embedded processor. To be able to implement a fast NOx model several techniques were used. Parts of the model were tabulated, difficult operators such as division were avoided and the properties of fast C code was kept in mind. This thesis combines the areas of automatic control, electronic hardware design and development of embedded software, and applies it to combustion engine control. The work undertaken indicate different possibilities when implementing high speed control oriented models in FPGAs and embedded processors. This thesis aims to fill a gap between state space models, common in automatic control, and high fidelity physical models, commonly used for simulation, by providing a method to develop high fidelity control

oriented models which are low in computation demand and implementable in FPGAs and embedded processors. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
supervisor
opponent
  • Professor McKelvey, Tomas, Chalmers
organization
publishing date
type
Thesis
publication status
published
subject
keywords
NOx, NO, Nitrogen Oxides, Emissions, Air pollution, Algorithms, Physical model, Mathematical model, FPGA, Field Programmable Gate Arrays, Embedded Systems, Micro-controllers, Engine, Diesel Engine, Internal Combustion Engine, Combustion Control, Engine Control.
pages
100 pages
publisher
Lund University
defense location
Room M:B, building M, Ole Römers väg 1, Lund University Faculty of Engineering
defense date
2009-12-04 10:15:00
ISBN
978-91-628-7957-0
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
b0b44644-9ce8-4bc9-bf5a-2237134b78d3 (old id 1502558)
date added to LUP
2016-04-04 12:03:10
date last changed
2018-11-21 21:08:44
@phdthesis{b0b44644-9ce8-4bc9-bf5a-2237134b78d3,
  abstract     = {{Performance demands put on combustion engines are ever increasing, e.g. demands on emissions and fuel consumption. The increased demands together with new combustion concepts increase the need for feedback engine and combustion control. Mathematical models are considered important in order to implement high performance feedback control, as well as to perform diagnostic functions in vehicles. Various implementation platforms which can be used to implement mathematical models in vehicles are described in this this thesis; embedded processors, FPGAs and ASICs. Which of these implementation platforms to choose must be decided based on the intended application and current demands on performance. Embedded systems, ASICs and FPGAs are discussed based on literature found in the field, covering a wide span of considerations. Furthermore a number of considerations which are important when implementing algorithms and logic in embedded processors and FPGAs are described.The theory is put into practice in the thesis, implementing a heat release calculation on an FPGA and developing and implementing a NOx model in an embedded processor. To be able to implement a fast NOx model several techniques were used. Parts of the model were tabulated, difficult operators such as division were avoided and the properties of fast C code was kept in mind. This thesis combines the areas of automatic control, electronic hardware design and development of embedded software, and applies it to combustion engine control. The work undertaken indicate different possibilities when implementing high speed control oriented models in FPGAs and embedded processors. This thesis aims to fill a gap between state space models, common in automatic control, and high fidelity physical models, commonly used for simulation, by providing a method to develop high fidelity control<br/><br>
oriented models which are low in computation demand and implementable in FPGAs and embedded processors.}},
  author       = {{Wilhelmsson, Carl}},
  isbn         = {{978-91-628-7957-0}},
  keywords     = {{NOx; NO; Nitrogen Oxides; Emissions; Air pollution; Algorithms; Physical model; Mathematical model; FPGA; Field Programmable Gate Arrays; Embedded Systems; Micro-controllers; Engine; Diesel Engine; Internal Combustion Engine; Combustion Control; Engine Control.}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{Lund University}},
  school       = {{Lund University}},
  title        = {{Embedded Systems and FPGAs for Implementation of Control Oriented Models, Applied to Combustion Engines}},
  url          = {{https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/files/5916320/1502561.pdf}},
  year         = {{2009}},
}