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Adult Age Differences in Covariation of Motivation and Working Memory Performance: Contrasting Between-Person and Within-Person Findings

Brose, Annette ; Schmiedek, Florian ; Lövdén, Martin LU ; Molenaar, Peter C. M. and Lindenberger, Ulman (2010) In Research in Human Development 7(1). p.61-78
Abstract
Developmental theorists have proposed for a long time that the prevailing focus on stable individual differences has obstructed the discovery of short-term covariations between cognitive performance and contextual influences within individuals that may help to uncover mechanisms underlying long-term change. As an initial step to overcome this imbalance, we observed measures of motivation and working memory (WM) in 101 younger and 103 older adults across 100 occasions. Our main goals were to (1) investigate day-to-day relations between motivation and WM, (2) show that these relations differ between groups of younger and older adults, and (3) test whether the within-person and between-person structures linking motivational variables to WM... (More)
Developmental theorists have proposed for a long time that the prevailing focus on stable individual differences has obstructed the discovery of short-term covariations between cognitive performance and contextual influences within individuals that may help to uncover mechanisms underlying long-term change. As an initial step to overcome this imbalance, we observed measures of motivation and working memory (WM) in 101 younger and 103 older adults across 100 occasions. Our main goals were to (1) investigate day-to-day relations between motivation and WM, (2) show that these relations differ between groups of younger and older adults, and (3) test whether the within-person and between-person structures linking motivational variables to WM are equivalent (i.e., the ergodicity assumption). The covariation between motivation and WM was generally positive in younger adults. In contrast, older adults showed reduced variability in motivation, increased variability across trials, and small reliability-adjusted correlations between motivation and WM. Within-person structures differed reliably across individuals, defying the ergodicity assumption. We discuss the implications of our findings for developmental theory and design, stressing the need to explore the effects of between-person differences in short-term covariations on long-term developmental change. (Less)
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author
; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
Research in Human Development
volume
7
issue
1
pages
61 - 78
publisher
Taylor & Francis
external identifiers
  • wos:000279821200005
  • scopus:79953132790
ISSN
1542-7609
DOI
10.1080/15427600903578177
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
753ebec6-bbe5-4d44-8f47-6010391db4c5 (old id 1656943)
date added to LUP
2016-04-01 09:55:00
date last changed
2022-03-12 00:19:29
@article{753ebec6-bbe5-4d44-8f47-6010391db4c5,
  abstract     = {{Developmental theorists have proposed for a long time that the prevailing focus on stable individual differences has obstructed the discovery of short-term covariations between cognitive performance and contextual influences within individuals that may help to uncover mechanisms underlying long-term change. As an initial step to overcome this imbalance, we observed measures of motivation and working memory (WM) in 101 younger and 103 older adults across 100 occasions. Our main goals were to (1) investigate day-to-day relations between motivation and WM, (2) show that these relations differ between groups of younger and older adults, and (3) test whether the within-person and between-person structures linking motivational variables to WM are equivalent (i.e., the ergodicity assumption). The covariation between motivation and WM was generally positive in younger adults. In contrast, older adults showed reduced variability in motivation, increased variability across trials, and small reliability-adjusted correlations between motivation and WM. Within-person structures differed reliably across individuals, defying the ergodicity assumption. We discuss the implications of our findings for developmental theory and design, stressing the need to explore the effects of between-person differences in short-term covariations on long-term developmental change.}},
  author       = {{Brose, Annette and Schmiedek, Florian and Lövdén, Martin and Molenaar, Peter C. M. and Lindenberger, Ulman}},
  issn         = {{1542-7609}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{1}},
  pages        = {{61--78}},
  publisher    = {{Taylor & Francis}},
  series       = {{Research in Human Development}},
  title        = {{Adult Age Differences in Covariation of Motivation and Working Memory Performance: Contrasting Between-Person and Within-Person Findings}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15427600903578177}},
  doi          = {{10.1080/15427600903578177}},
  volume       = {{7}},
  year         = {{2010}},
}