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Impact of excess sugar on the whole genome DNA methylation pattern in human sperm

Jönsson, Josefine LU orcid ; Perfilyev, Alexander LU orcid ; Kugelberg, Unn ; Skog, Signe ; Lindström, Axel LU orcid ; Ruhrmann, Sabrina LU ; Ofori, Jones K LU ; Bacos, Karl LU orcid ; Rönn, Tina LU and Öst, Anita , et al. (2024) In Epigenomics
Abstract

AIMS, PATIENTS & METHODS: Dietary factors may regulate the epigenome. We aimed to explore whether a diet intervention, including excess sugar, affects the methylome in human sperm, and to describe the sperm methylome. We used Whole Genome Bisulfite Sequencing (WGBS) to analyze DNA methylation in sperm taken at three time points from 15 males during a diet intervention; i) at baseline, ii) after one week on a standardized diet, and iii) after an additional week on a high-sugar diet providing 150% of their estimated total energy expenditure.

RESULTS: We identified seven nominal diet-associated differentially methylated regions in sperm (p < 0.05). The diet was nominally associated with methylation of 143 sites linked to... (More)

AIMS, PATIENTS & METHODS: Dietary factors may regulate the epigenome. We aimed to explore whether a diet intervention, including excess sugar, affects the methylome in human sperm, and to describe the sperm methylome. We used Whole Genome Bisulfite Sequencing (WGBS) to analyze DNA methylation in sperm taken at three time points from 15 males during a diet intervention; i) at baseline, ii) after one week on a standardized diet, and iii) after an additional week on a high-sugar diet providing 150% of their estimated total energy expenditure.

RESULTS: We identified seven nominal diet-associated differentially methylated regions in sperm (p < 0.05). The diet was nominally associated with methylation of 143 sites linked to fertility (e.g. AHRR, GNAS, and HDAC4), 313 sites in imprinted genes (e.g. GLIS3, PEG10, PEG3, and SNURF), and 42 sites in top 1%-expressed genes (e.g. CHD2) (p < 0.05). In sperm, 3'UTRs and introns had the highest levels of methylation, while 5'UTRs and CpG islands had the lowest levels. Non-expressed genes in human sperm were hypomethylated in exons compared with transcribed genes.

CONCLUSIONS: In human sperm, DNA methylation levels were linked to gene expression, and excess sugar had modest effects on methylation on imprinted and highly expressed genes, and genes affecting fertility.

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publication status
epub
subject
in
Epigenomics
publisher
Future Medicine Ltd.
external identifiers
  • scopus:85212699427
  • pmid:39707713
ISSN
1750-192X
DOI
10.1080/17501911.2024.2439782
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
1ff5d85f-8670-4b12-a32a-9b67f42255b9
date added to LUP
2025-01-10 11:28:36
date last changed
2025-07-12 19:08:49
@article{1ff5d85f-8670-4b12-a32a-9b67f42255b9,
  abstract     = {{<p>AIMS, PATIENTS &amp; METHODS: Dietary factors may regulate the epigenome. We aimed to explore whether a diet intervention, including excess sugar, affects the methylome in human sperm, and to describe the sperm methylome. We used Whole Genome Bisulfite Sequencing (WGBS) to analyze DNA methylation in sperm taken at three time points from 15 males during a diet intervention; i) at baseline, ii) after one week on a standardized diet, and iii) after an additional week on a high-sugar diet providing 150% of their estimated total energy expenditure.</p><p>RESULTS: We identified seven nominal diet-associated differentially methylated regions in sperm (p &lt; 0.05). The diet was nominally associated with methylation of 143 sites linked to fertility (e.g. AHRR, GNAS, and HDAC4), 313 sites in imprinted genes (e.g. GLIS3, PEG10, PEG3, and SNURF), and 42 sites in top 1%-expressed genes (e.g. CHD2) (p &lt; 0.05). In sperm, 3'UTRs and introns had the highest levels of methylation, while 5'UTRs and CpG islands had the lowest levels. Non-expressed genes in human sperm were hypomethylated in exons compared with transcribed genes.</p><p>CONCLUSIONS: In human sperm, DNA methylation levels were linked to gene expression, and excess sugar had modest effects on methylation on imprinted and highly expressed genes, and genes affecting fertility.</p>}},
  author       = {{Jönsson, Josefine and Perfilyev, Alexander and Kugelberg, Unn and Skog, Signe and Lindström, Axel and Ruhrmann, Sabrina and Ofori, Jones K and Bacos, Karl and Rönn, Tina and Öst, Anita and Ling, Charlotte}},
  issn         = {{1750-192X}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{12}},
  publisher    = {{Future Medicine Ltd.}},
  series       = {{Epigenomics}},
  title        = {{Impact of excess sugar on the whole genome DNA methylation pattern in human sperm}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17501911.2024.2439782}},
  doi          = {{10.1080/17501911.2024.2439782}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}