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Energy Stored by Radiating Systems

Schab, Kurt LU ; Jelinek, Lukas ; Capek, Miloslav LU ; Ehrenborg, Casimir LU orcid ; Tayli, Doruk LU ; Vandenbosch, Guy A.E. and Gustafsson, Mats LU orcid (2018) In IEEE Access 6. p.10553-10568
Abstract

Though commonly used to calculate Q-factor and fractional bandwidth, the energy stored by radiating systems (antennas) is a subtle and challenging concept that has perplexed researchers for over half a century. Here, the obstacles in defining and calculating stored energy in general electromagnetic systems are presented from first principles as well as using demonstrative examples from electrostatics, circuits, and radiating systems. Along the way, the concept of unobservable energy is introduced to formalize such challenges. Existing methods of defining stored energy in radiating systems are then reviewed in a framework based on technical commonalities rather than chronological order. Equivalences between some methods under common... (More)

Though commonly used to calculate Q-factor and fractional bandwidth, the energy stored by radiating systems (antennas) is a subtle and challenging concept that has perplexed researchers for over half a century. Here, the obstacles in defining and calculating stored energy in general electromagnetic systems are presented from first principles as well as using demonstrative examples from electrostatics, circuits, and radiating systems. Along the way, the concept of unobservable energy is introduced to formalize such challenges. Existing methods of defining stored energy in radiating systems are then reviewed in a framework based on technical commonalities rather than chronological order. Equivalences between some methods under common assumptions are highlighted, along with the strengths, weaknesses, and unique applications of certain techniques. Numerical examples are provided to compare the relative margin between methods on several radiating structures.

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author
; ; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
antenna theory, Electromagnetic theory, energy storage, Poynting’s theorem, Q-factor
in
IEEE Access
volume
6
pages
10553 - 10568
publisher
IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
external identifiers
  • scopus:85042186868
ISSN
2169-3536
DOI
10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2807922
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
249a71ee-af0d-44e0-bbd5-24c0c424b61a
date added to LUP
2018-03-06 08:58:00
date last changed
2022-04-17 19:08:05
@article{249a71ee-af0d-44e0-bbd5-24c0c424b61a,
  abstract     = {{<p>Though commonly used to calculate Q-factor and fractional bandwidth, the energy stored by radiating systems (antennas) is a subtle and challenging concept that has perplexed researchers for over half a century. Here, the obstacles in defining and calculating stored energy in general electromagnetic systems are presented from first principles as well as using demonstrative examples from electrostatics, circuits, and radiating systems. Along the way, the concept of unobservable energy is introduced to formalize such challenges. Existing methods of defining stored energy in radiating systems are then reviewed in a framework based on technical commonalities rather than chronological order. Equivalences between some methods under common assumptions are highlighted, along with the strengths, weaknesses, and unique applications of certain techniques. Numerical examples are provided to compare the relative margin between methods on several radiating structures.</p>}},
  author       = {{Schab, Kurt and Jelinek, Lukas and Capek, Miloslav and Ehrenborg, Casimir and Tayli, Doruk and Vandenbosch, Guy A.E. and Gustafsson, Mats}},
  issn         = {{2169-3536}},
  keywords     = {{antenna theory; Electromagnetic theory; energy storage; Poynting&#x2019;s theorem; Q-factor}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{02}},
  pages        = {{10553--10568}},
  publisher    = {{IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.}},
  series       = {{IEEE Access}},
  title        = {{Energy Stored by Radiating Systems}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2807922}},
  doi          = {{10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2807922}},
  volume       = {{6}},
  year         = {{2018}},
}