Variable velocity encoding in a three-dimensional, three-directional phase contrast sequence: Evaluation in phantom and volunteers.
(2012) In Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging- Abstract
- PURPOSE: To evaluate accuracy and noise properties of a novel time-resolved, three-dimensional, three-directional phase contrast sequence with variable velocity encoding (denoted 4D-vPC) on a 3 Tesla MR system, and to investigate potential benefits and limitations of variable velocity encoding with respect to depicting blood flow patterns. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 4D PC-MRI sequence was modified to allow variable velocity encoding (VENC) over the cardiac cycle in all three velocity directions independently. 4D-PC sequences with constant and variable VENC were compared in a rotating phantom with respect to measured velocities and noise levels. Additionally, comparison of flow patterns in the ascending aorta was performed in six healthy... (More)
- PURPOSE: To evaluate accuracy and noise properties of a novel time-resolved, three-dimensional, three-directional phase contrast sequence with variable velocity encoding (denoted 4D-vPC) on a 3 Tesla MR system, and to investigate potential benefits and limitations of variable velocity encoding with respect to depicting blood flow patterns. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 4D PC-MRI sequence was modified to allow variable velocity encoding (VENC) over the cardiac cycle in all three velocity directions independently. 4D-PC sequences with constant and variable VENC were compared in a rotating phantom with respect to measured velocities and noise levels. Additionally, comparison of flow patterns in the ascending aorta was performed in six healthy volunteers. RESULTS: Phantom measurements showed a linear relationship between velocity noise and velocity encoding. 4D-vPC MRI presented lower noise levels than 4D-PC both in phantom and in volunteer measurements, in agreement with theory. Volunteer comparisons revealed more consistent and detailed flow patterns in early diastole for the variable VENC sequences. CONCLUSION: Variable velocity encoding offers reduced noise levels compared with sequences with constant velocity encoding by optimizing the velocity-to-noise ratio (VNR) to the hemodynamic properties of the imaged area. Increased VNR ratios could be beneficial for blood flow visualizations of pathology in the cardiac cycle. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/3160708
- author
- Nilsson, Anders LU ; Markenroth Bloch, Karin LU ; Carlsson, Marcus LU ; Heiberg, Einar LU and Ståhlberg, Freddy LU
- organization
- publishing date
- 2012
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- in
- Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- publisher
- John Wiley & Sons Inc.
- external identifiers
-
- wos:000311381900020
- pmid:23065951
- scopus:84869381468
- ISSN
- 1522-2586
- DOI
- 10.1002/jmri.23778
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- additional info
- The information about affiliations in this record was updated in December 2015. The record was previously connected to the following departments: Radiation Physics, Lund (013034000), Clinical Physiology (013242300), Faculty of Medicine (000022000), Department of Clinical Physiology (Lund) (013013000)
- id
- eb2b6d16-6bb3-4079-a26d-2aab3dee47a6 (old id 3160708)
- alternative location
- http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23065951?dopt=Abstract
- date added to LUP
- 2016-04-04 08:54:18
- date last changed
- 2022-03-23 03:09:13
@article{eb2b6d16-6bb3-4079-a26d-2aab3dee47a6, abstract = {{PURPOSE: To evaluate accuracy and noise properties of a novel time-resolved, three-dimensional, three-directional phase contrast sequence with variable velocity encoding (denoted 4D-vPC) on a 3 Tesla MR system, and to investigate potential benefits and limitations of variable velocity encoding with respect to depicting blood flow patterns. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 4D PC-MRI sequence was modified to allow variable velocity encoding (VENC) over the cardiac cycle in all three velocity directions independently. 4D-PC sequences with constant and variable VENC were compared in a rotating phantom with respect to measured velocities and noise levels. Additionally, comparison of flow patterns in the ascending aorta was performed in six healthy volunteers. RESULTS: Phantom measurements showed a linear relationship between velocity noise and velocity encoding. 4D-vPC MRI presented lower noise levels than 4D-PC both in phantom and in volunteer measurements, in agreement with theory. Volunteer comparisons revealed more consistent and detailed flow patterns in early diastole for the variable VENC sequences. CONCLUSION: Variable velocity encoding offers reduced noise levels compared with sequences with constant velocity encoding by optimizing the velocity-to-noise ratio (VNR) to the hemodynamic properties of the imaged area. Increased VNR ratios could be beneficial for blood flow visualizations of pathology in the cardiac cycle. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.}}, author = {{Nilsson, Anders and Markenroth Bloch, Karin and Carlsson, Marcus and Heiberg, Einar and Ståhlberg, Freddy}}, issn = {{1522-2586}}, language = {{eng}}, publisher = {{John Wiley & Sons Inc.}}, series = {{Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging}}, title = {{Variable velocity encoding in a three-dimensional, three-directional phase contrast sequence: Evaluation in phantom and volunteers.}}, url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmri.23778}}, doi = {{10.1002/jmri.23778}}, year = {{2012}}, }