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Proteomic markers associated with blood pressure, hypertension, and treatment-resistant hypertension

Dieden, Anna LU orcid ; Melander, Olle LU orcid ; Pareek, Manan ; Råstam, Lennart LU ; Lindblad, Ulf LU ; Gudmundsson, Petri LU ; Daka, Bledar ; Leósdóttir, Margrét LU ; Nilsson, Peter M. LU and Olsen, Michael H. , et al. (2026) In American Heart Journal Plus: Cardiology Research and Practice 71.
Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to investigate associations between 92 proteins and blood pressure (BP), prevalent hypertension (HT) and apparent treatment-resistant HT (aTRH) in a population-derived sub cohort.

Methods
Excluding subjects with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) (n = 189), linear regression models assessed associations between proteins and systolic BP. Proteins showing significant associations (false discovery rate 5%) with systolic BP were analysed adjusting for clinically relevant covariates. Associated proteins were further analysed for associations with diastolic BP, prevalent HT, and aTRH, in multivariable regression models.

Results
Complete data was available in 1527... (More)
Background
The aim of this study was to investigate associations between 92 proteins and blood pressure (BP), prevalent hypertension (HT) and apparent treatment-resistant HT (aTRH) in a population-derived sub cohort.

Methods
Excluding subjects with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) (n = 189), linear regression models assessed associations between proteins and systolic BP. Proteins showing significant associations (false discovery rate 5%) with systolic BP were analysed adjusting for clinically relevant covariates. Associated proteins were further analysed for associations with diastolic BP, prevalent HT, and aTRH, in multivariable regression models.

Results
Complete data was available in 1527 individuals (mean age 67.1 ± 6.0 years; 30.5% women). Interleukin-1 receptor type 2 (IL1R2) associated with systolic BP (β 2.79, p 0.008), diastolic BP (β 1.78, p < 0.001), HT (odds ratio (OR), 1.34 [95% CI, 1.01–1.78]) and aTRH (OR, 1.94 [1.11–3.39]) while chitinase-3-like-protein 1 (CHI3L1) associated with systolic BP (β 1.53, p 0.004) and prevalent HT (OR 1.20, [1.04–1.38]). Pathway analysis suggested “metabolism of angiotensinogen to angiotensins”, “neutrophil degranulation” and “peptide hormone metabolism” as significantly enriched, in relation to blood pressure.

Conclusions
Among 1527 individuals without established ASCVD, IL1R2 was associated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure, as well as with both HT and aTRH, while CHI3L1 associated with systolic blood pressure and prevalent HT. These findings may offer novel insights and inspire future research on HT and inflammation. (Less)
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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
American Heart Journal Plus: Cardiology Research and Practice
volume
71
article number
100937
ISSN
2666-6022
DOI
10.1016/j.ahjo.2026.100937
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
400a8cd3-5272-4a22-a5ec-01b290a6b35b
alternative location
https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2666602226002260
date added to LUP
2026-10-08 13:34:33
date last changed
2026-10-08 13:37:29
@article{400a8cd3-5272-4a22-a5ec-01b290a6b35b,
  abstract     = {{Background<br/>The aim of this study was to investigate associations between 92 proteins and blood pressure (BP), prevalent hypertension (HT) and apparent treatment-resistant HT (aTRH) in a population-derived sub cohort.<br/><br/>Methods<br/>Excluding subjects with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) (n = 189), linear regression models assessed associations between proteins and systolic BP. Proteins showing significant associations (false discovery rate 5%) with systolic BP were analysed adjusting for clinically relevant covariates. Associated proteins were further analysed for associations with diastolic BP, prevalent HT, and aTRH, in multivariable regression models.<br/><br/>Results<br/>Complete data was available in 1527 individuals (mean age 67.1 ± 6.0 years; 30.5% women). Interleukin-1 receptor type 2 (IL1R2) associated with systolic BP (β 2.79, p 0.008), diastolic BP (β 1.78, p &lt; 0.001), HT (odds ratio (OR), 1.34 [95% CI, 1.01–1.78]) and aTRH (OR, 1.94 [1.11–3.39]) while chitinase-3-like-protein 1 (CHI3L1) associated with systolic BP (β 1.53, p 0.004) and prevalent HT (OR 1.20, [1.04–1.38]). Pathway analysis suggested “metabolism of angiotensinogen to angiotensins”, “neutrophil degranulation” and “peptide hormone metabolism” as significantly enriched, in relation to blood pressure.<br/><br/>Conclusions<br/>Among 1527 individuals without established ASCVD, IL1R2 was associated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure, as well as with both HT and aTRH, while CHI3L1 associated with systolic blood pressure and prevalent HT. These findings may offer novel insights and inspire future research on HT and inflammation.}},
  author       = {{Dieden, Anna and Melander, Olle and Pareek, Manan and Råstam, Lennart and Lindblad, Ulf and Gudmundsson, Petri and Daka, Bledar and Leósdóttir, Margrét and Nilsson, Peter M. and Olsen, Michael H. and Jujic, Amra and Magnusson, Martin}},
  issn         = {{2666-6022}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{11}},
  series       = {{American Heart Journal Plus: Cardiology Research and Practice}},
  title        = {{Proteomic markers associated with blood pressure, hypertension, and treatment-resistant hypertension}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ahjo.2026.100937}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.ahjo.2026.100937}},
  volume       = {{71}},
  year         = {{2026}},
}