The association of post-conization pregnancy with subsequent cervical lesions : evidence from a nationwide cohort in Sweden
Yi, Huan LU ; Huang, Jimiao ; Zhang, Naiqi LU
; Sundquist, Jan
LU
; Sundquist, Kristina
LU
; Zheng, Xiangqin
and Ji, Jianguang
LU
(2026)
In BMC Medicine
24(1).
- Abstract
Background: Women who have undergone cervical conization may still experience subsequent pregnancies and delivery. However, it remains unknown whether pregnancy, associated with immune tolerance, might increase the risk of subsequent cervical lesions. This study aims to address this knowledge gap by utilizing the nationwide Swedish registers. Methods: A total of 60,895 women diagnosed with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in Sweden between January 1997 and December 2017 and treated with conization were identified through the Swedish National Patient Register and followed for subsequent cervical lesions. Time-dependent Cox regression was used to examine the association of post-conization pregnancies with subsequent cervical lesions.... (More)
Background: Women who have undergone cervical conization may still experience subsequent pregnancies and delivery. However, it remains unknown whether pregnancy, associated with immune tolerance, might increase the risk of subsequent cervical lesions. This study aims to address this knowledge gap by utilizing the nationwide Swedish registers. Methods: A total of 60,895 women diagnosed with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in Sweden between January 1997 and December 2017 and treated with conization were identified through the Swedish National Patient Register and followed for subsequent cervical lesions. Time-dependent Cox regression was used to examine the association of post-conization pregnancies with subsequent cervical lesions. Results: Among the 60,895 women who underwent conization in Sweden, 15,200 (25%) had post-conization pregnancies and showed a higher incidence of subsequent cervical lesions (hazard ratio = 1.32, 95% confidence interval = 1.13–1.53) compared to women without pregnancies. The increased risk of subsequent cervical lesions was observed only in women who had a pregnancy within 3 years after conization (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.39, 95% confidence interval = 1.19–1.63). Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that post-conization pregnancies are associated with a higher risk of subsequent cervical lesions compared to women without pregnancies. The risk was particularly significant in women who had a pregnancy within 3 years after conization, suggesting that those who become pregnant within 3 years after conization will need close clinical monitoring.
(Less)
- author
- Yi, Huan
LU
; Huang, Jimiao
; Zhang, Naiqi
LU
; Sundquist, Jan
LU
; Sundquist, Kristina
LU
; Zheng, Xiangqin
and Ji, Jianguang
LU
- organization
- publishing date
- 2026
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), Conization, Delivery, Pregnancy
- in
- BMC Medicine
- volume
- 24
- issue
- 1
- article number
- 61
- publisher
- BioMed Central (BMC)
- external identifiers
-
- pmid:41462210
- scopus:105028980224
- ISSN
- 1741-7015
- DOI
- 10.1186/s12916-025-04541-w
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- 5c3bcc71-5e2f-4fae-bd20-2275a634e798
- date added to LUP
- 2026-02-17 11:03:26
- date last changed
- 2026-02-18 11:40:44
@article{5c3bcc71-5e2f-4fae-bd20-2275a634e798,
abstract = {{<p>Background: Women who have undergone cervical conization may still experience subsequent pregnancies and delivery. However, it remains unknown whether pregnancy, associated with immune tolerance, might increase the risk of subsequent cervical lesions. This study aims to address this knowledge gap by utilizing the nationwide Swedish registers. Methods: A total of 60,895 women diagnosed with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in Sweden between January 1997 and December 2017 and treated with conization were identified through the Swedish National Patient Register and followed for subsequent cervical lesions. Time-dependent Cox regression was used to examine the association of post-conization pregnancies with subsequent cervical lesions. Results: Among the 60,895 women who underwent conization in Sweden, 15,200 (25%) had post-conization pregnancies and showed a higher incidence of subsequent cervical lesions (hazard ratio = 1.32, 95% confidence interval = 1.13–1.53) compared to women without pregnancies. The increased risk of subsequent cervical lesions was observed only in women who had a pregnancy within 3 years after conization (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.39, 95% confidence interval = 1.19–1.63). Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that post-conization pregnancies are associated with a higher risk of subsequent cervical lesions compared to women without pregnancies. The risk was particularly significant in women who had a pregnancy within 3 years after conization, suggesting that those who become pregnant within 3 years after conization will need close clinical monitoring.</p>}},
author = {{Yi, Huan and Huang, Jimiao and Zhang, Naiqi and Sundquist, Jan and Sundquist, Kristina and Zheng, Xiangqin and Ji, Jianguang}},
issn = {{1741-7015}},
keywords = {{Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN); Conization; Delivery; Pregnancy}},
language = {{eng}},
number = {{1}},
publisher = {{BioMed Central (BMC)}},
series = {{BMC Medicine}},
title = {{The association of post-conization pregnancy with subsequent cervical lesions : evidence from a nationwide cohort in Sweden}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12916-025-04541-w}},
doi = {{10.1186/s12916-025-04541-w}},
volume = {{24}},
year = {{2026}},
}