Energetic consequenses of an inducible morphological defence in crucian carp
Pettersson, Lars LU
and Brönmark, Christer
LU
(1999)
In Oecologia
121(1).
p.12-18
- Abstract
- Crucian carp (Carassius carassius) increases in
body depth in response to chemical cues from piscivores
and the deeper body constitutes a morphological defence
against gape-limited piscivores. In the ®eld, deep-bodied
individuals su€er a density-dependent cost when com-
peting with shallow-bodied conspeci®cs. Here, we use
hydrodynamic theory and swimming respirometry to
investigate the proposed mechanism underlying this ef-
fect, high drag caused by the deep-bodied morphology.
Our study con®rms that drag is higher for deep-bodied
crucian carp, both in terms of estimated theoretical drag
and power curve steepness. However, deep-bodied... (More) - Crucian carp (Carassius carassius) increases in
body depth in response to chemical cues from piscivores
and the deeper body constitutes a morphological defence
against gape-limited piscivores. In the ®eld, deep-bodied
individuals su€er a density-dependent cost when com-
peting with shallow-bodied conspeci®cs. Here, we use
hydrodynamic theory and swimming respirometry to
investigate the proposed mechanism underlying this ef-
fect, high drag caused by the deep-bodied morphology.
Our study con®rms that drag is higher for deep-bodied
crucian carp, both in terms of estimated theoretical drag
and power curve steepness. However, deep-bodied ®sh
swimming at the velocity associated with minimum cost
of transport, Umc, did not experience higher costs of
transport than shallow-bodied ®sh. Deep-bodied crucian
carp had signi®cantly lower standard metabolic rates,
i.e. metabolic rates at rest, and also lower Umc, and the
resulting costs of transport were similar for the two
morphs. Nevertheless, when deep-bodied individuals
deviate from Umc, e.g. when increasing foraging e€ort
under competition, their steeper power curves will cause
substantial energy costs relative to shallow-bodied con-
speci®cs. Furthermore, there is evidence that reductions
in standard metabolic rate incur costs in terms of lower
stress tolerance, reduced growth rate, and life history
changes. Thus, this work provides links between hy-
drodynamics, a cost-reducing mechanism, and a density-
dependent ®tness cost associated with an inducible
defence. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/942190
- author
- Pettersson, Lars
LU
and Brönmark, Christer
LU
- organization
- publishing date
- 1999
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- Phenotypic plasticity á Carassiuscarassius á Respirometry á Cost of transport á Predation
- in
- Oecologia
- volume
- 121
- issue
- 1
- pages
- 12 - 18
- publisher
- Springer
- external identifiers
-
- scopus:0344931740
- ISSN
- 1432-1939
- DOI
- 10.1007/s004420050901
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- f4f63f23-d008-440e-8724-2aeec37aebde (old id 942190)
- date added to LUP
- 2016-04-01 11:41:23
- date last changed
- 2023-03-01 02:05:15
@article{f4f63f23-d008-440e-8724-2aeec37aebde,
abstract = {{Crucian carp (Carassius carassius) increases in<br/><br>
body depth in response to chemical cues from piscivores<br/><br>
and the deeper body constitutes a morphological defence<br/><br>
against gape-limited piscivores. In the ®eld, deep-bodied<br/><br>
individuals su€er a density-dependent cost when com-<br/><br>
peting with shallow-bodied conspeci®cs. Here, we use<br/><br>
hydrodynamic theory and swimming respirometry to<br/><br>
investigate the proposed mechanism underlying this ef-<br/><br>
fect, high drag caused by the deep-bodied morphology.<br/><br>
Our study con®rms that drag is higher for deep-bodied<br/><br>
crucian carp, both in terms of estimated theoretical drag<br/><br>
and power curve steepness. However, deep-bodied ®sh<br/><br>
swimming at the velocity associated with minimum cost<br/><br>
of transport, Umc, did not experience higher costs of<br/><br>
transport than shallow-bodied ®sh. Deep-bodied crucian<br/><br>
carp had signi®cantly lower standard metabolic rates,<br/><br>
i.e. metabolic rates at rest, and also lower Umc, and the<br/><br>
resulting costs of transport were similar for the two<br/><br>
morphs. Nevertheless, when deep-bodied individuals<br/><br>
deviate from Umc, e.g. when increasing foraging e€ort<br/><br>
under competition, their steeper power curves will cause<br/><br>
substantial energy costs relative to shallow-bodied con-<br/><br>
speci®cs. Furthermore, there is evidence that reductions<br/><br>
in standard metabolic rate incur costs in terms of lower<br/><br>
stress tolerance, reduced growth rate, and life history<br/><br>
changes. Thus, this work provides links between hy-<br/><br>
drodynamics, a cost-reducing mechanism, and a density-<br/><br>
dependent ®tness cost associated with an inducible<br/><br>
defence.}},
author = {{Pettersson, Lars and Brönmark, Christer}},
issn = {{1432-1939}},
keywords = {{Phenotypic plasticity á Carassiuscarassius á Respirometry á Cost of transport á Predation}},
language = {{eng}},
number = {{1}},
pages = {{12--18}},
publisher = {{Springer}},
series = {{Oecologia}},
title = {{Energetic consequenses of an inducible morphological defence in crucian carp}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004420050901}},
doi = {{10.1007/s004420050901}},
volume = {{121}},
year = {{1999}},
}